Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40771601›Full record

ArticleTransactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association2025

RACIAL DISPARITIES IN STROKE AFFECTING BLACK AMERICANS.

Mary Cushman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Mary CushmanBurlington, VT.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States and disproportionately affects Black Americans. The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Disparities in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort study is investigating why this disparity exists by comparing Black and White adults age 45+. Seminal findings included that higher stroke incidence in Black than in White persons, but not higher case fatality, drives the disparity. Higher prevalence of stroke risk factors in Black participants, especially hypertension and diabetes, explained 50% of the racial disparity. Elevated lipoprotein(a) was three times more frequent in Black participants and was a race-specific stroke risk factor only among Black participants. Higher interleukin-6 was a strong stroke risk factor in both Black and White participants with a hazard ratio of 2.0 for concentrations in the top versus bottom quartile. In mediation analysis, higher interleukin-6 with presence of stroke risk factors party explained the race disparity in stroke. Findings highlight the potential that prevention of stroke risk factors, treatment of higher Lp(a), and inflammation reduction have in reducing the race disparity in stroke.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanHealth Status DisparitiesStrokeAgedFemaleHumansIncidenceInterleukin-6Lipoprotein(a)MaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsUnited StatesWhiteInterleukin-6Lipoprotein(a)

Identifiers

PMID40771601
PMCPMC12323493

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.