Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40770895›Full record

ArticleEpilepsia2025

Postneonatal epilepsy after acute provoked neonatal seizures: Incidence, predictors, and clinical burden in a multicenter cohort followed through early childhood.

Adam L Numis, Hannah C Glass, Janet S Soul, Courtney J Wusthoff, Shavonne L Massey, Giulia M Benedetti, Catherine J Chu, Cameron Thomas, Tayyba Anwar, Monica E Lemmon and 8 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Epilepsia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Observational
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Adam L NumisDepartment of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1594-9812
Hannah C GlassDepartment of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3879-1966
Janet S SoulDepartment of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6998-7753
Courtney J WusthoffDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1882-5567
Shavonne L MasseyDepartment of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-221X
Giulia M BenedettiDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2917-4026
Catherine J ChuDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-9313
Cameron ThomasDivision of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1529-2846
Tayyba AnwarDepartment of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1686-8352
Monica E LemmonDepartment of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Linda S FranckDepartment of Family Health Care Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4291-9181
Madison M BerlDivision of Neuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2469-1518
Betsy PilonHope for Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE), West Bloomfield, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0036-5803
Stephanie M D RauDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Yi LiDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Julie SturzaDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Charles E McCullochDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-6179
Renée A ShellhaasDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3175-3908

Funding

Neonatal Seizure Registry Developmental Functional EValuation (NSR-DEV)R01NS111166 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GLASS, HANNAH CRANLEY, SHELLHAAS, RENEE A. · 2020 to 2023
$4.6M
Evaluating the Role of Inflammation in Neonatal EpileptogenesisK23NS105918 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI NUMIS, ADAM LAWRENCE · 2019 to 2023
$1.1M
NIH HHS K23NS105918NIH HHS NS111166NINDS NIH HHS K23 NS105918NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS111166Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute 1507-31187
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveEpilepsy is a known potential outcome following acute provoked neonatal seizures, but its onset, treatment patterns, and health care utilization through childhood remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to define the incidence and timing of postneonatal epilepsy, identify perinatal predictors, and describe the clinical burden of epilepsy among survivors of acute provoked neonatal seizures through early childhood.

methodsThis prospective, multicenter cohort study followed neonates with acute provoked seizures from the Neonatal Seizure Registry (NSR-II) in an extended follow-up through early childhood (Developmental Functional Evaluation). Neonatal clinical and neuroimaging data were collected, and epilepsy outcomes (including semiology, treatments, and health care use) were assessed annually through at least 5 years via structured interviews and medical record review. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models evaluated epilepsy risk, with data censored at loss to follow-up.

resultsAmong 282 neonates evaluated for epilepsy in NSR-II, 183 (65%) continued into the extended follow-up study. Across the entire follow-up period through early childhood, 50 (18%) developed epilepsy, with a cumulative incidence of 21.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 16.7%-27.7%). Earlier epilepsy onset was associated with ≥3 days of neonatal seizures (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.5-5.2), abnormal discharge neurological exam (HR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.3-4.4), and deep gray/brainstem injury (HR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.2-4.7). Prematurity (<37 weeks) was associated with later epilepsy onset (HR = 3.7, 95% CI = 2.0-6.8). Half (50%) of children with epilepsy developed intractable epilepsy, and 40% required intensive care unit admission. Despite this, only one child received vagus nerve stimulation, and none underwent other epilepsy surgeries. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings highlight the early and persistent epilepsy risk after neonatal seizures. Preterm infants face increased risk later in childhood compared to infants born at term. Risk factor stratification may improve early surveillance, guide clinical decisions, and support family counseling. The underutilization of epilepsy surgery in this cohort suggests multifactorial barriers that warrant further investigation.

Indexed as

EpilepsySeizuresChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMaleProspective StudiesRisk Factorsacquired epilepsyepidemiologyintractable epilepsyneonatal seizuresprematurity

Identifiers

PMID40770895
PMCPMC12779315

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.