Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40770181›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Sequencing a DNA analog composed of artificial bases.

Christopher A Thomas, Henry Brinkerhoff, Jonathan M Craig, Shuichi Hoshika, Desislava Mihaylova, Akira M Pfeffer, Michaela C Franzi, Sarah J Abell, Jessica D Carrasco, Jens H Gundlach and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Christopher A ThomasDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2434-5049
Henry BrinkerhoffDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jonathan M CraigDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-5112
Shuichi HoshikaFoundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, Alachua, FL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9128-1183
Desislava MihaylovaDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Akira M PfefferDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Michaela C FranziDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Sarah J AbellDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jessica D CarrascoDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jens H GundlachDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-8038
Steven A BennerFoundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, Alachua, FL, USA.
Andrew H LaszloDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. laszloa@uw.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7853-0533

Funding

Nanopore sequencing of DNA with MspAR01HG005115 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI GUNDLACH, JENS, LASZLO, ANDREW · 2009 to 2024
$14.0M
Technology Development Coordinating CenterU24HG011735 · NHGRI · JACKSON LABORATORY · PI Mark D ADAMS · 2021 to 2026
$8.1M
Transforming Life Sciences: Artificial LifeR01GM128186 · NIGMS · FOUNDATION FOR APPLIED MOLECULAR EVOLUTN · PI BENNER, STEVEN A · 2017 to 2021
$3.4M
Towards Single-Molecule Protein Sequencing with NanoporesR01HG012544 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI DEKKER, CEES, GUNDLACH, JENS · 2022 to 2024
$1.7M
Equipment Supplement to 1R01GM141391-01A1 (Easily Used Kits to Evolve Reagents that Covalently Tag and Inactivate Proteins)R01GM141391 · NIGMS · FOUNDATION FOR APPLIED MOLECULAR EVOLUTN · PI BENNER, STEVEN A · 2021 to 2024
$1.4M
National Science Foundation (NSF) MCB-1939086NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG005115NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG012544NHGRI NIH HHS U24 HG011735NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM128186NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM141391U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) R01HG005115U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) U24HG011735U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) R01GM128186U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) R01GM141391
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

"ALternative Isoinformational ENgineered" (ALIEN) DNA is a biomimetic polymer composed of four entirely anthropogenic nucleotides. These alternative nucleosides form base pairs orthogonal to canonical bases and fold into the familiar B-form DNA double-helix, endowing ALIEN DNA with valuable biotechnological applications. The ability to sequence ALIEN DNA is essential for its continued development. However traditional sequencing approaches rely on chemical recognition of ACGT-DNA and cannot be easily adapted to ALIEN DNA. Here we demonstrate de novo nanopore sequencing of DNA comprised entirely of the four anthropogenic DNA bases. We show direct, label-free, single-molecule sequencing of such nucleic acids without the requirements of fluorescent labels, transliteration, amplification, or enzymatic synthesis. This paves the way for routine, accessible, and high-accuracy sequencing of DNA beyond A, C, G, and T.

Indexed as

DNANanopore SequencingSequence Analysis, DNABase PairingNucleotidesDNANucleotides

Identifiers

PMID40770181
PMCPMC12328708

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.