SynthesisInternational journal of health policy and management2025
Governance of Public-Private Partnerships for Primary Healthcare in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries, 2000-2023: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in International journal of health policy and management, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Is Digital Healthcare Better Than None? The Digital Health Technology Dilemma in Low-Income Countries.Asian bioethics review · 2026Article
- Managing public-private partnerships for health diagnostics: challenges and strategies.Health policy and planning · 2026Article
- Partnerships in Public Health Economics: Reflective Lessons from UK Obesity Research.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Article
- Understanding perceptions and the willingness of decision-makers to adopt a public-private partnership strategy in the Palestinian health sector: an exploratory study.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Collaboration and Governance in Integrated Care Systems: A Moroccan Perspective on Lessons From England's ICS Comment on "New Ways of Working to Manage and Improve Quality in Integrated Care Systems in England".International journal of health policy and management · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundPublic-private partnerships (PPPs) in the health sector are established to achieve health outcomes by maximising the combined resources of both public and private sectors. Good governance is core to PPP function and success. This paper explores the factors that enable and constrain governance in the delivery of PPPs for primary healthcare (PHC) in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs).
methodsA systematic search of four literature databases was conducted to identify peer reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2023 related to the governance of PPPs for PHC in LLMICs. A deductive analysis of data extracted from selected articles against the domains of Greer's TAPIC (transparency, accountability, participation, integrity, and policy capacity) governance framework was conducted to identify commonly reported enabling and constraining factors.
resultsOf the 4290 records screened, 14 were included. Common enabling factors for governance within each domain of the framework were found: Transparency: unequal and top-down resource allocation, and opaque and resource allocation was a barrier to PPP governance; Accountability and policy capacity: monitoring and evaluation; Participation: partner engagement, covering topics of developing and managing relationships, collaborative activities, and communication; and Integrity: the design of the PPP, covering formal agreements between partners, level of policy direction, and integration within the broader health system.
conclusionThe five domains of the TAPIC governance framework provide guidance for considering governance in PPPs. The enabling factors identified in the review help facilitate the successful implementation of a PPP and thus influence the PPP's impact on health outcomes, through establishing and maintaining healthy working relationships between partners, and defining and documenting systems and processes.
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Registered trials
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