ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025
Identifying risk factors for pregnancy and lactation-associated osteoporosis: insights from an Italian survey in PLAO patients and controls.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese (2025): Overview and Future Directions for the Pregnant and Lactating Women's Section.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2026Guideline
- Genetic contributors to osteoporosis in pregnancy and lactation associated osteoporosis (PLO).Bone · 2026Article
- Real-world treatment outcomes in pregnancy and lactation-associated osteoporosis: a nationwide multicenter cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Pregnancy and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLAO) is characterized by fragility fractures during late pregnancy and postpartum period. The risk factors for PLAO are largely unknown. This study aims to identify the risk factors for PLAO, related and unrelated to pregnancy. Patients and methods: A questionnaire on clinical history, lifestyle factors, nutritional habits, and pregnancy-related characteristics was administered to 155 women with PLAO and 182 women without PLAO. Results: Women with PLAO were older (32.9 ± 4.7 years), showed a higher prevalence of BMI <18.5 Kg/m2 (23.6%), eating disorders (11.6%), amenorrhea (7.1%), chronic diseases associated with bone fragility (11.7%), calcium-intake <500 mg/day (66.9%), previous fragility fractures (18.7%), blue sclerae (5.2%) and family history of vertebral/femoral FXs (21.0%) than women without PLAO (31.6 ± 5.4 years, 13.8%, 5.5%, 2.2%, 2.6%, 50.8%, 6.0%, 0.5%, 11.0%, p<0.05 for all comparisons). The risk of PLAO was associated with pre-pregnancy fragility fractures (odds ratio, OR 2.7, 95% Confidence Interval, CI, 1.199-6.036, p=0.016), chronic diseases (OR 5.8 95% CI, 1.919-17.562, p=0.002), age at pregnancy (OR 1.1, 95% CI, 1.005-1.109, p=0.030), BMI<18.5 Kg/m Conclusions: PLAO, a condition with relevant impact on women's health, is associated with BMI <18.5, low calcium intake, age at pregnancy, previous fragility fractures and the presence of chronic diseases before pregnancy and with insufficient weight gain, LMWH use and low calcium intake during pregnancy.
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