Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40766142›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025

Association between proximity to a lead releasing facility and cognition in diverse cohorts.

Scarlet Cockell, Kelly M Bakulski, Ai-Lin Tsai, Yike Liu, Amanda J Goodrich, Chinomnso Okorie, Stacey Alexeeff, Rachel A Whitmer, Paola Gilsanz, Kathryn C Conlon

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Scarlet CockellDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Kelly M BakulskiDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9605-6337
Ai-Lin TsaiDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 4480 Hacienda Drive, Pleasanton, CA, 94588, USA.
Yike LiuDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Amanda J GoodrichDepartment of Public Health Sciences and Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Medical Sciences 1C, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Chinomnso OkorieDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 4480 Hacienda Drive, Pleasanton, CA, 94588, USA.
Stacey AlexeeffDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 4480 Hacienda Drive, Pleasanton, CA, 94588, USA.
Rachel A WhitmerDepartment of Public Health Sciences and Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Medical Sciences 1C, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Paola GilsanzDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 4480 Hacienda Drive, Pleasanton, CA, 94588, USA.
Kathryn C ConlonDepartment of Public Health Sciences and Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Medical Sciences 1C, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.

Funding

Lifecourse health, cerebral pathology and ethnic disparities in dementiaRF1AG052132 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI DECARLI, CHARLES, GLYMOUR, MEDELLENA MARIA · 2016 to 2016
$13.1M
Extreme weather-related events and environmental exposures in the risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementiasR01AG074347 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Kathryn C Conlon · 2022 to 2026
$3.8M
Early Vascular Contributions to Dementia Risk in African-AmericansRF1AG050782 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI WHITMER, RACHEL A · 2017 to 2017
$3.8M
Lifecourse exposure to community violence and risk of cognitive decline, Alzheimer's Disease, and related dementias among African-AmericansR01AG067525 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI KO, MICHELLE JASSMINE · 2020 to 2024
$2.3M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG067525NIA NIH HHS R01 AG074347NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG050782NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG052132
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: While lead exposure is associated with poorer cognitive performance in children, the association with late life cognition in diverse cohorts is unknown. Method: In two adult cohorts (Kaiser Health Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE, n=1,638), Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR, n=741)), we assessed residential proximity to lead releasing facilities, measured through the Toxics Release Inventory, for associations with domain-specific cognition, measured using the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales, two years later. Linear regression models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity (KHANDLE only), income, education, marital status, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. We meta-analyzed across cohorts. Result: The average age at cognitive test was 76.1 years (KHANDLE) and 68.8 years (STAR) and the average distance between residence and lead releasing facility was 8.2 km (KHANDLE) and 3.6 km (STAR). In meta-analysis, for every 5 km closer a residential address was located to a lead releasing facility we observed -0.05 standard deviation lower verbal episodic memory (95% CI: -0.08, -0.02). Living within a 3 km buffer of a lead releasing facility was associated with -0.10 lower semantic memory (95% CI: -0.18, -0.02) and -0.08 lower global cognition (95% CI: -0.14, -0.02). Conclusion: Residential proximity to a lead releasing facility was associated with poorer cognition two years later among adults in two cohorts. Comprehensive understanding of environmental factors is critical for dementia prevention.

Indexed as

cognitioncohortdementiaEnvironmental exposuresepidemiologyindustrial pollutionlead

Identifiers

PMID40766142
PMCPMC12324645

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.