ArticleGeriatrics & gerontology international2025
Frailty and its components and cardiovascular outcomes in older adults: A nationwide epidemiological study.
Article in Geriatrics & gerontology international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Improving Physical Performance During Hospitalization Has an Impact on Reducing the Risk of Clinical Events in Frail Older Patients With Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure.Circulation reports · 2026Article
- TyG Index and Frailty as Composite Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk and Mortality Across CKM Stages 0-3.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Impact of Heart Disease and Multimorbidity on Oral Frailty in Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults.Circulation reports · 2026Article
- Low Body Mass Index Increases Frailty Risk in Old-Old Adults: Findings From a 3-Year Longitudinal Study.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2026Article
- Frailty Syndrome and Cardiovascular Diseases in Older People.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Frailty and its components and cardiovascular outcomes in older adults: A nationwide epidemiological study.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimAlthough frailty is the result of multifactorial vulnerability, such as physical, cognitive, and socio-psychological factors, the association of multifactor-defined frailty and its components with cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been investigated. The goal of this paper is to clarify the association between multifactor-defined frailty and its components and CVD in older adults.
methodsUsing a nationwide claims database, we included 66 948 participants aged ≥65 years without a history of CVD who were assessed using a simple questionnaire-based approach covering physical, cognitive, oral, nutritional, and social aspects of frailty. The primary outcome was composite CVD events, including ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and stroke.
resultsDuring a mean follow-up period of 280 ± 153 days, 3721 CVD events were observed. Compared with robust individuals, frailty was associated with an increased risk of developing CVD (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31-1.52). This association was consistent across CVD subtypes. All components of comprehensive measures of frailty, such as physical function (HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.85-2.91), nutritional status (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.10-1.93), oral function (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.05-1.32), cognitive function (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.30-1.60), and social aspects (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.13-1.72), were also associated with an increased risk of developing CVD.
conclusionsThe multifactorial assessment of frailty significantly stratifies CVD risk in Japanese older adults. Moreover, each component of frailty independently contributes to the likelihood of CVD, underscoring the importance of comprehensive frailty evaluations in preventive care for the aging population. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 1239-1246.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.