ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2025
Impact of exercise on cardiovascular disease risk in overweight or obese children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bidirectional associations and developmental trajectories between physical activity and weight self-stigma among adolescents with high body weight/obesity: A longitudinal study.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2026Article
- A Head-to-Head Comparison of Three Literature Algorithms for Physical Activity Endpoints from a Wrist Accelerometer in Free-Living Conditions.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Adherence to Health Behavior Recommendations among Youth with Obesity Classes I, II, and III.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2026Article
- A Growing Burden: Obesity's Impact on Cardiometabolic Disease Risk in Children and Adolescents.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Impact of increased educational screen exposure on adolescent overweight and the mediating role of physical activity and sleep quality: a natural experiment study from China.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Cofactor Micronutrients, and Cognitive Outcomes in Childhood Obesity: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Editorial: Schools as an arena for health-promoting physical activity.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the effects of exercise on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in overweight and obese children and adolescents.
methodsTwo independent reviewers conducted a comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang, covering the period from January 1, 2008, to May 19, 2025. Eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis. Sensitivity analysis was used to assess the stability of the results. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots, and subgroup analyses were also performed.
resultsA total of 83 RCTs involving 5,172 overweight or obese children and adolescents were included. Participants ranged in age from 5 to 19 years, and intervention durations ranged from 8 to 48 weeks. Compared with controls, exercise significantly reduced levels of total cholesterol (TC, SMD = -0.70, 95% CI [-0.91, -0.49]), triglycerides (TG, SMD = -0.60, 95% CI [-0.79, -0.41]), low-density lipoprotein (LDL, SMD = -0.61, 95% CI [-0.79, -0.43]), fasting plasma glucose (FPG, SMD = -0.40, 95% CI [-0.57, -0.23]), and fasting insulin (FIN, SMD = -0.80, 95% CI [-1.08, -0.51]), while significantly increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL, SMD = 0.38, 95% CI [0.22, 0.53]) levels. Subgroup analyses indicated that endurance training led to broader improvements than other exercise types, especially at doses of ≥ 50 min per session, ≥ 3 sessions per week, and ≥ 12 weeks in duration. Additionally, the effects were more pronounced in males and studies conducted in Asia. High heterogeneity was observed (I
conclusionsExercise effectively improves overweight, obesity, and CVD risk factors in children and adolescents. Moderate-to-high-intensity endurance training (≥ 50 min/session, ≥ 3 times/week, for ≥ 12 weeks) yields the most significant benefits. The intervention effects appear to be influenced by sex and geographic region. Further well-designed, high-quality longitudinal studies are warranted to optimise exercise-based intervention strategies.
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