ArticleNeurocritical care2025
Association Between Hematoma Edema Complex and Outcomes of Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Article in Neurocritical care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Is Dexamethasone Helpful in Reducing Perihematoma Edema and for the Outcome of Intracerebral Hemorrhage?Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntracerebral hematoma (ICH) expansion occurs within 24 h, but perihematoma edema (PHE) may increase later due to blood breakdown products, leading to clinical deterioration and poor outcomes. There is a paucity of prospective studies evaluating the role of hematoma edema complex (HEC) and PHE in the death and disability of patients with ICH. We report the association between day 1 and day 7 HEC and PHE and outcomes at 3 months in patients with ICH.
methodsPatients with primary ICH admitted within 24 h of ictus were included. Their demographic details, stroke risk factors, and Glasgow Coma Scale and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores were recorded. A cranial computerized tomographic (CT) scan was done at admission and on the 7th day or earlier if there was clinical deterioration. Volumes of ICH, HEC, PHE, relative PHE, and midline shift were measured. Outcomes at 3 months were measured using the modified Rankin Scale.
resultsNinety patients with a median age of 57 (range 38-80) years were included. The majority had ganglionic or thalamic ICH (70 patients, 77.8%), and 20 patients (22.2%) had lobar ICH. HEC, PHE, and midline shift significantly increased on the repeat CT scan. Baseline ICH volume correlated with expansion in HEC (r = 0.97, P < 0.0001) and PHE (r = 0.54, P < 0.001). There was an independent association between HEC on the repeat CT scan and death (adjusted odds ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.08, P < 0.001) and poor outcome (adjusted odds ratio 0.87; 95% confidence interval 0.78-0.98, P = 0.02).
conclusionsThere was an independent association between HEC and outcomes in patients with primary ICH.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40764847What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.