ArticleScientific reports2025
Adaptive control strategies for button motor actuated insect scale flapping wing MAV mechanisms.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The development of Flapping Wing Micro Aerial Vehicles (FWMAVs) has gained significant attention due to their potential for energy-efficient, lightweight, and highly maneuverable flight inspired by nature. This study presents innovative designs and adaptive control strategies for insect-scale FWMAVs, utilizing compact button vibrator motors as actuators for wing flapping. These actuators offer advantages in size, weight, and power efficiency but pose challenges in achieving continuous and controlled motion due to mechanical, control, and durability constraints. The research explores multiple lever alignment configurations using simplified crank-slider mechanisms, driven by single and dual coreless DC motors powered by a 1-3.7 V DC supply. Detailed modeling in SIMSCAPE Multibody and structural movement analysis using Compmech GIM software facilitate the evaluation of variations in flapping frequency, velocity, and acceleration. Advanced control strategies, including Self-Regulatory Fractional Fuzzy Control (SRFFC) and Fractional PID (FPID), are assessed under simulated and real-world conditions to mitigate external disturbances. Additionally, an AI-based disturbance observer is implemented to enhance stability and optimize power efficiency by compensating for environmental disturbances. Performance metrics such as rise time, settling time, overshoot, and integral absolute error (IAE) demonstrate the superior efficiency and disturbance rejection capabilities of SRFFC compared to FPID. Experimental validation and real-time assessments of maneuvering capabilities, including leftward, rightward, and forward movements, further substantiate the proposed strategies. This study underscores the potential of SRFFC-driven designs and modular motor configurations to enhance the performance, control, and applicability of FWMAVs for advanced micro-aerial systems.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.