Linking carbon footprint methodologies and environmental protection via sustainable product development with a moderating role of regulatory compliance.

Sikandar Ali Qalati, Faiza Siddiqui, Sonia Kumari, Hanan Eid Badwy, QinQin Wu, MiaoMiao Lu

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

How ecocentric leadership drives environmental performance through green culture and work engagement in Egyptian hospitality and tourism.Scientific reports · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sikandar Ali QalatiSchool of Business, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, Shandong, China. sidqalati@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7235-6098

Faiza SiddiquiSchool of Business, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, Shandong, China. 719040@sdnu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7354-893X

Sonia KumariDepartment of Business Administration, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, 652000, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8272-1332

Hanan Eid BadwySurveying of Natural Resources in Environmental Systems Department, Environmental Studies & Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Cairo, 32897, Menoufia, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0786-791X

QinQin WuSchool of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4993-2784

MiaoMiao LuSchool of Business, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, Shandong, China.

Funding

National Social Science Fund of China 23CJY084Research on the Economic Performance and Innovation Performance of Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises 321052320

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

China, at the forefront of carbon emissions and manufacturing, grapples with substantial challenges in harmonizing economic progress and environmental protection (EP). This study delves into the intricate interplay between carbon footprint methodologies (CFM), sustainable product development (SPD), EP, and the moderating role of regulatory compliance. To fulfill its objectives, the research meticulously analyzes data collected from a sample of 429 employees within the manufacturing sector, employing SmartPLS version 4.1. The results reveal a noteworthy impact of CFM on both SPD and EP. Additionally, SPD demonstrates a positive effect on EP. Furthermore, the study uncovers SPD as a significant mediator in the association between CFM and EP. Finally, regulatory compliance moderates CFM-EP correlation. These findings underscore the critical interconnectedness of CFM, SPD, and regulatory compliance in fostering a more environmentally conscious manufacturing sector in China, offering valuable insights for academia, businesses, and policymakers.

Indexed as

Carbon FootprintConservation of Natural ResourcesSustainable DevelopmentChinaHumansCarbon footprint methodologiesEnvironmental protectionManufacturing sectorRegulatory complianceSustainable product development

Identifiers

PMID40764346

DOI10.1038/s41598-025-12291-1

PMCPMC12325945

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.