Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40763623›Full record

Observational studyPediatric neurology2025

Cerebral Blood Flow Abnormalities in Down Syndrome Regression Disorder.

Mackenzie Silverman, Panteha Hayati Rezvan, Benjamin N Vogel, Mariam M Yousuf, Maeve C Lucas, Lilia Kazerooni, Saba Jafarpour, Jonathan D Santoro

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Pediatric neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mackenzie SilvermanDivision of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Panteha Hayati RezvanBiostatistics and Data Management Core, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Benjamin N VogelDivision of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Mariam M YousufDivision of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Maeve C LucasDivision of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Lilia KazerooniDivision of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Saba JafarpourDivision of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Jonathan D SantoroDivision of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: jdsantoro@chla.usc.edu.

Funding

Non-invasive biometric screening for cerebrovascular disorders in persons with Down syndrome.K23HL155898 · NHLBI · CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF LOS ANGELES · PI SANTORO, JONATHAN DOUGLAS · 2021 to 2025
$1.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL155898
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to examine cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and Down Syndrome Regression Disorder (DSRD).

methodsA single-center, prospective observational study was performed to evaluate CBFV in individuals with DS and DSRD using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound. Individuals with DS without regression and DSRD were recruited in a 1:1 manner. TCD studies were performed using a standardized protocol for children.

resultsIn total, 104 individuals were enrolled, with 60 (57.7%) having DSRD and 44 (42.3%) having DS only. Individuals with DSRD had lower average MCA values (mean difference: -6.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -12.88, -0.90; P = 0.024) and ICA values (-4.98, 95% CI: -9.58, -0.38; P = 0.034) when compared with individuals with DS only. These differences were more apparent in the left MCA (-8.97, 95% CI: -15.89, -2.06; P = 0.011) and left ICA (-5.65, 95% CI: -11.11, -0.19; P = 0.042). Age, hemodynamic measures, and neuropsychiatric disease severity did not modify the differences in MCA and ICA between patients with DSRD and DS. However, in patients with DSRD, MCA values decreased on average by -0.40 (95% CI: -0.78, -0.02; P = 0.038) for every unit increase in heart rate compared with patients with DS.

conclusionsThis study revealed CBFV alterations in individuals with DSRD when compared with DS alone, demonstrating reduced CBFV in both the MCA and ICA. These findings suggest disrupted cerebral autoregulation, potentially driven by the presence of catatonia in individuals with DSRD.

Indexed as

Carotid Artery, InternalCerebrovascular CirculationDown SyndromeMiddle Cerebral ArteryAdolescentBlood Flow VelocityChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleProspective StudiesUltrasonography, Doppler, TranscranialBlood flowCatatoniaCerebrovascularDown syndromeRegressionTranscranial Doppler

Identifiers

PMID40763623
PMCPMC12326077

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.