ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Long-Term Adherence to Modifiable Factors and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWomen with prior gestational diabetes are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but whether and to what extent this risk is modifiable is unknown.
methodsNHSII (Nurses' Health Study II) participants (N=4355), who reported a gestational diabetes diagnosis between 1989 and 2001 and were free of type 2 diabetes, CVD, and cancer at baseline were included. Incident CVD included nonfatal myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, nonfatal/fatal stroke, angiographically confirmed angina, and coronary revascularizations. Modifiable factors were updated every 2 to 4 years. Optimal modifiable factors included body mass index <25.0 kg/m
resultsDuring a median 27.9 years of follow-up, 188 incident CVD events occurred. Compared with women with zero optimal factors, HR for CVD among women with one, two, three, or four optimal factors was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.22-1.42), 0.40 (95% CI, 0.16-1.02), 0.32 (95% CI, 0.12-0.84), and 0.14 (95% CI, 0.05-0.46), respectively (
conclusionsLong-term adherence to and improvements in optimal modifiable factors were associated with lower CVD risk after gestational diabetes.
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