Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40761923›Full record

ArticleBMJ public health2025

What all physicians should know about women's health: a Delphi study.

Merel H de Heer-Koster, Chiara Benedetto, Vesna Bjegović-Mikanović, Indre Banaitytė-Baleišienė, Mary Perdiou, Eva Gerdts, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Julien Mazières, Alyson McGregor, Connie Newman and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Merel H de Heer-KosterAmsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6287-612X
Chiara BenedettoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
Vesna Bjegović-MikanovićInstitute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia.
Indre Banaitytė-BaleišienėHospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Mary PerdiouPatient Advisory Board, APS Europa Donna Italia, Milan, Italy.
Eva GerdtsDepartment of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Alexandra Kautzky-WillerDepartment of Internal Medicine III, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University, Vienna, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3520-4105
Julien MazièresToulouse University Hospital, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France.
Alyson McGregorDeparment of Emergency Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Connie NewmanNew York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Susanna PriceDepartments of Cariology and Critical Care, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, UK.
Jeanine Roeters van LennepDepartment of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6870-9962
Simona StankevičiūtėHospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Iris E SommerDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-3262
Gertraud StadlerGender in Medicine, Charité Center for Prevention, Health and Human Sciences, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Florence ThibautUniversity Hospital Cochin, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France.
Karine van 't LandFaculty of Economics and Business/Aletta Jacobs School of Public Health, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Marieke WermerDepartment of Neurology, UMCG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Kerry WilburFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Fedde ScheeleResearch in Education, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Over the past few decades, knowledge of women's health regarding sex and gender differences in health has increased but transfer of these new insights into medical education and clinical practice is lagging, resulting in substandard care for women compared with men. This study aimed to reach consensus on what all physicians taking care of women should know about women's health. Methods: A Delphi study was executed involving statements prepared by experts in women's health across 10 medical specialties and a patient advisory board. Participants were recruited from Europe and Northern America through the experts' networks and snowball sampling. Participants voted IN/OUT on each statement based on its perceived relevance and feasibility for general physician knowledge, regardless of specialty. The statements were ranked according to a >80% consensus in the first Delphi round and a 4-point Likert scale in the second Delphi round. Results: In the first round, 44 participants fully completed the survey. 18 statements progressed to the second round, in which four additional statements were included based on participant suggestions. In the final round, 35 responses on the 22 selected statements resulted in consensus on 18 statements of the highest importance, within the following domains: the societal position of women in health, patient perception of disease and treatment, differences in symptomatology, pharmacological considerations and the impact of the female life cycle on health and disease. Conclusion: Consensus was reached on the top priority clinical conditions and public health issues in women's health, resulting in a list of 18 statements on women's health that every physician caring for women should know, regardless of specialty. There was also consensus on the importance of incorporating these insights into medical education. The next step involves implementing women's health education in medical schools, postgraduate education and continuing education for medical specialists.

Indexed as

Education, MedicalFemalePublic HealthSex FactorsTranslational Science, Biomedical

Identifiers

PMID40761923
PMCPMC12320051

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.