ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025
Dietary Omega-3 intake may slow prostate cancer progression and reduce mortality risk: evidence from prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Docosahexaenoic Acid Enhances the Cytotoxic Effects of Enzalutamide and the PARP Inhibitor in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Integration of clinical and cellular lipidomics identifies a serum metabolite signature predictive of oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Docosahexaenoic acid intake and health in adults and older adults: a narrative review of disparities by country income level.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent malignant cancer globally and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Omega-3 PUFAs [including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] may mitigate prostate cancer risk through various molecular mechanisms, such as inhibiting pro-inflammatory eicosanoid production via COX-2 pathway, regulating apoptosis and autophagy, and potentially influencing other signaling pathways like NF-κB. However, existing studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of Omega-3 fatty acids on prostate cancer, and there is limited large-scale longitudinal data exploring the dose-response relationship. Methods: This study utilized data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Screening Trial to investigate the associations between Omega-3 (EPA, DPA, DHA) intake from dietary sources and the risk of prostate cancer and mortality. Omega-3 fatty acid intake was assessed via the Dietary History Questionnaire (DHQ). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, adjusted for key confounders including age, race, BMI, family history, PSA levels, comorbidities, and lifestyle factors, were employed alongside restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis to account for potential confounding factors. A total of 30,552 male participants aged 55-74 years were included, with a median follow-up time of ≥7 years. Results: The results indicated a linear relationship between Omega-3 fatty acid intake and the overall risk of prostate cancer (HR for highest vs. lowest quintile: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81-1.00, Conclusion: Increased dietary intake of Omega-3 fatty acids has been associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer. However, the association with mortality risk showed a threshold effect, with intakes below 0.4 g/day reducing mortality and higher intakes potentially increasing risk.
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