Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40761277›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in microbiology2025

Global prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of carbapenem-resistant

Tsepo Ramatla, Jane Nkhebenyane, Kgaugelo E Lekota, Oriel Thekisoe, Maropeng Monyama, Conrad Chibunna Achilonu, George Khasapane

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Characterization of the Fiber Protein C-Terminal Domain fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Antibiotic resistance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Rapid On-Site Detection ofBiosensors · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Tsepo RamatlaCentre for Applied Food Safety and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Jane NkhebenyaneCentre for Applied Food Safety and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Kgaugelo E LekotaUnit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Oriel ThekisoeUnit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Maropeng MonyamaDepartment of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Conrad Chibunna AchilonuThoracic Diseases Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States.
George KhasapaneCentre for Applied Food Safety and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Carbapenem-resistant Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the global pooled prevalence estimate (PPE) of CRPA and their antibiotic resistance. The systematic review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024579654). This study was carried out following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochrane Q test and I Results: A total of 163 studies (both clinical and screening samples) containing a total of 58,344 cases from 39 countries were included in this study. The overall PPE of CRPA was 34.7% (95% CI: 0.316-0.37.8) for both clinical and screening samples. Meropenem had a PPE of 31.2% (95% CI: 0.272-0.352) and imipenem had the lowest PPE of 27.7% (95% CI: 0.238-0.319). Japan had the highest PPE at 98.2% (95% CI: 0.482-0.100) of CRPA, and the lowest was observed for Saudi Arabia at 13.9% (95% CI: 0. 064-0. 277). CRPA is widespread on five continents except Australia and Antarctica, while the highest PPE is in Europe at 47.6% (95% CI: 0.359-0.595) and the lowest in Asia at 32, 8% (95% CI: 0.293-0.364). The relatively higher PPE of CRPA was observed in Europe during the year interval 2014-2017 at 95.4% (95% CI: 0.388-0.999), followed by Africa from the year 2022-2024 with 38.5% (95% CI: 0.243-0.550). Ceftazidime was significantly higher in studies conducted before 2019 with a PPE of 44.7% (95% CI: 0.246% - 0.668), while CRPA after 2019 had a higher resistance to cefoperazone/sulbactam with a PPE of 17.3% (95% CI: 0.050-0.455). Discussion: This review indicates that the prevalence of CRPA is generally high and varies significantly between countries. To prevent the emergence of CRPA and antibiotic resistance, future initiatives should prioritise strengthening laboratory capacity for early detection of antibiotic resistance.

Indexed as

antibiotic resistanceCRPAglobalmeta-analysispooled prevalence estimate

Identifiers

PMID40761277
PMCPMC12318982

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.