ArticleBMC pediatrics2025
What keeps children small, thin, and weak?: exploring the early childhood impacts of socioeconomic disadvantages in Pakistan.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Determinants of neonatal morbidity in Rajshahi Division of Bangladesh.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors Associated with Child Undernutrition and Growth Failure in Eastern Africa.Nutrients · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Child malnutrition is a critical public health concern in Pakistan, disproportionately affecting socioeconomically disadvantaged households. This study employs Amartya Sen's entitlement theory and UNICEF's malnutrition framework 2020 to examine the determinants of child malnutrition, using nationally representative data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) Wave 6. Logistic regression analysis on a sample of children aged 6-23 months reveals that parental education remains an important factor. Children of educated parents experience significantly lower malnutrition rates. Minimum dietary diversity (MDD) has been found important as fulfilling the needs of MDD reduces malnutrition risk by 22%. Household's economic status is a strong protective factor, with affluent households showing a 42% lower risk of child malnutrition. Regional disparities also remain crucial as the children belonging to Balochistan province have significantly higher risks of malnutrition. The study also conducts an in-depth analysis for rural-urban settings, noting stronger effects of MDD in urban areas than rural areas. Findings underscore the need for targeted nutrition policies and improved public health interventions to addressing child malnutrition in Pakistan.
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