ArticleNature communications2025
National evidence on glucose-lowering medication use for diabetes from 62 low- and middle-income countries.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Histopathological and Transcriptomic Alterations in Metabolic Organs: A Case Study from a Spontaneously Diabetic Rhesus Macaque.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Inequality in prevalence of unmedicated hypertension or diabetes among older Filipinos: analysis of nationally representative survey data.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026Article
- Review
- Three-dimensional-printed ROS-scavenging and immunomodulatory hydrogel accelerates diabetic wound healing through synergistic microenvironment regulation.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
30 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Given rising diabetes prevalence globally, access to diabetes treatments is gaining urgency. Yet, it remains unknown which glucose-lowering medication types people with diabetes across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) use. In this cross-sectional analysis, we pooled nationally representative data of 223,283 adults aged ≥25 years in 62 LMICs from 2009 to 2019. We found that 51.9% [95%-CI: 49.6%, 54.2%] of 21,715 individuals with diabetes were undiagnosed. Among individuals with diagnosed diabetes, 18.6% [95%-CI: 14.5%, 23.4%] reported using no glucose-lowering medication, 57.3% [95%-CI: 53.1%, 61.4%] only used oral medication, 19.5% [95%-CI: 17.6%, 21.5%] used oral medication and insulin, and 4.7% [95%-CI: 3.9%, 5.6%] used insulin alone. In low-income countries, fewer individuals with diabetes were diagnosed and treated than in middle-income countries. Yet, among individuals who did get diagnosed, insulin use was two-thirds higher in low-income countries (38.9% [95%-CI: 31.6%, 46.7%]) compared to middle-income countries (23.2%; 95%-CI: 21.0%, 25.5%]). This finding could suggest a need for earlier diagnosis and treatment initiation. Our results can inform national and regional drug procurement efforts across LMICs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.