ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2025
The incidence and mortality of connective tissue diseases: a population-level cohort study in England from 2012 to 2023.
Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparison of cardiac MRI features of fibrosis and strain for early cardiac dysfunction assessment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- The incidence, mortality and complications of systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-level cohort study from 2012 to 2023.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Impact of social deprivation on cancer occurrence and cardiovascular events in systemic sclerosis.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2026Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesThe reported incidence and mortality of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) in England has been inconsistent in the literature. Our objective was to describe current trends in the incidence and mortality of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), Sjögren's disease (SjD), systemic sclerosis (SSc), idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD).
methodsWe conducted a retrospective population-level study using primary care records in England via the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We included individuals ≥18 years old with new CTD diagnoses between 2012 and 2023. Our outcomes were incidence and all-cause mortality, which included age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs), standardized mortality ratios and hazards over time using flexible parametric models.
resultsThere was a total of 22 829 incident CTD diagnoses (81.1% female, median age 57). The age and sex-standardized incidence of SLE and SSc fell over the study period 2012-2023 (SLE: 4.32-3.29 per 100 000 person years [py] and SSc: 2.33-1.86 per 100 000 py), whereas SjD and MCTD incidence remained relatively stable. In contrast, IIM diagnoses rose from 3.23 to 4.31 per 100 000 py. ASMRs across the study period were highest for IIM (27.83 per 1000 py), followed by SSc (24.43), SLE (16.74), MCTD (16.27) and lowest for SjD (9.70).
conclusionOur findings indicated a fall in the incidence of SLE, a simultaneous rise in IIM incidence, and high all-cause mortality within IIM and SSc cohorts. Our study acknowledges the changing landscape of CTDs in England and will aid healthcare resource planning for this vulnerable population.
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