Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40757809›Full record

ReviewEFORT open reviews2025

Risk factors and injury prevention strategies for hamstring injuries: a narrative review.

Akram Hagos, Amaan A Merchant, Babar Kayani, Adam T Yasen, Fares S Haddad

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in EFORT open reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Akram HagosBrighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5848-5165
Amaan A MerchantUniversity College London Medical School, London, UK.
Babar KayaniDepartment of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospital, London, UK.
Adam T YasenDepartment of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospital, London, UK.
Fares S HaddadDepartment of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospital, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hamstring injuries are a significant concern in high-speed running and kicking sports, contributing to a high incidence and recurrence rate among athletes. Anatomical and biomechanical properties of the hamstrings, especially the biceps femoris long head, make them susceptible to strain, contributing to the high injury rate observed in athletes. Key risk factors, including prior injury history, neuromuscular deficiencies, excessive load, and muscle-tendon architecture, have been identified as contributors to injury prevalence. Eccentric strengthening exercises, particularly the Nordic hamstring exercise, are highlighted for their effectiveness in reducing the incidence of hamstring injuries. Stretching protocols, when combined with strengthening exercises, have shown potential in enhancing muscle flexibility and reducing injury risk, although their standalone effectiveness remains a subject of ongoing research.

Indexed as

biceps femorishamstringsinjury preventionNordic hamstring exerciseorthopaedicsprognosissports medicinetendon

Identifiers

PMID40757809
PMCPMC12326974

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.