SynthesisDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2025
Continuous glucose monitoring in noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes: A critical review of reported trials with an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Synthesis in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evidence-based recommendations for the use of continuous glucose monitoring in type 2 diabetes: the Italian guidelines.Acta diabetologica · 2026Guideline
- Continuous glucose monitoring in noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes: A critical review of reported trials with an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- The Upfront Effectiveness of a 6-Week Continuous Glucose Monitoring Intervention for Non-Insulin-Using Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Is No Longer Detectable at 6-12 Months: An Observational Follow-Up of a Randomized Trial Cohort.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- [Continuous glucose monitoring and automated insulin dosing systems in clinical routine].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Review
- Integrating Pharmacists into CGM-Enabled Digital Diabetes Care: Advancing Personalized and Data-Driven Management.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- 7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsWe aimed to review the observational and randomised clinical trial evidence and provide pragmatic recommendations for using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in individuals living with noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2DM). MATERIALS AND
methodsWe first undertook a narrative review of observational studies that enrolled noninsulin-users or mixed populations of noninsulin and insulin-users with T2DM as well as randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that enrolled mixed populations with T2DM. We then performed a systematic review of the RCTs that specifically enrolled noninsulin-treated populations with T2DM and compared CGM to BGM/usual care. A meta-analysis of glycaemic outcomes was conducted with predefined subgroups based on CGM type.
resultsRCTs in mixed populations and observational studies demonstrated a largely consistent benefit of CGM on glycaemic and nonglycaemic outcomes with cost effectiveness and reduced healthcare resource utilisation. The meta-analysis of RCTs in noninsulin users included 8 studies encompassing 541 participants, among whom 297 (55%) were assigned to the CGM group. CGM was associated with significantly reduced HbA1c (weighted mean difference [WMD] -0.37%; 95% CI -0.49, -0.24; p < 0.00001; I
conclusionsCGM use in noninsulin-treated individuals living with T2DM was associated with improved glycaemic outcomes and patient experience, reduced health care resource utilisation, and acceptable cost-effectiveness. These findings provide additional evidence to support CGM use among people living with T2DM who are not using insulin therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.