Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40756818›Full record

ReviewJournal of the Royal Society of New Zealand2025

Unpacking tick-boxes: considerations and recommendations for collecting, analysing, and interpreting ethnicity data.

Esther S Yao, Kane Meissel, Polly Atatoa Carr, Pat Bullen, Roshini Peiris-John, Sam Manuela, Terryann C Clark

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Public Attitudes to Responding to Global Catastrophic Risks: A New Zealand Case Study.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Esther S YaoSchool of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3869-8315
Kane MeisselSchool of Learning, Development and Professional Practice, Faculty of Arts and Education, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1867-8218
Polly Atatoa CarrTe Ngira Institute for Population Research, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-7103
Pat BullenSchool of Learning, Development and Professional Practice, Faculty of Arts and Education, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6494-3698
Roshini Peiris-JohnSchool of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-2268
Sam ManuelaSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4030-3490
Terryann C ClarkSchool of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5499-5080

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ethnicity is an important variable in health and social science research, but working quantitatively with ethnicity data is complex because the construct is multifaceted, fluid, subjective, and political in nature. This necessitates careful consideration within the context of, and issues related to, the collection and classification of ethnicity data. Researchers' methodological decisions regarding ethnicity data can impact substantive research outcomes and implications for policy and practice. This critical review provides an overview of the conceptualisation and sociohistorical context of ethnicity, followed by a thorough discussion of the methodological issues in the collection and analysis of ethnicity data with a focus on the Aotearoa New Zealand context. It then offers comprehensive guidance and recommendations for quantitative researchers. With an emphasis on researcher criticality, reflexivity, and the importance of upholding the data sovereignty of Indigenous and minoritised ethnic groups, this review equips data users with the information needed to conduct ethical, equitable, robust, and scientifically-informed research involving ethnicity.

Indexed as

data sovereigntyEthnicityethnic measurementmultiple ethnicitiesquantitative methods

Identifiers

PMID40756818
PMCPMC12315155

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.