ArticleBMJ public health2025
Perinatal health inequalities between Canadian-born and foreign-born women in Canada: a decomposition analysis.
Article in BMJ public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Foreign-born mothers are generally believed to experience better perinatal outcomes than Canadian-born mothers, despite relatively lower socioeconomic status. However, the magnitude and direction of inequalities by nativity status vary across outcomes. Little is known about factors contributing to the health inequalities by nativity status across different perinatal outcomes. Thus, we aim to examine the direction and magnitude of inequalities by nativity status across perinatal outcomes and estimate the contributions of select individual-level characteristics to the inequalities in Canada. Methods: Using 132 639 singleton births from the 2016 Canadian Birth-Census Cohort, we estimated the risk of preterm birth (PTB), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) birth, stillbirth, and infant and neonatal death by maternal nativity status. We estimated the contribution of maternal race, maternal and paternal education, paternal nativity status and employment, family income and homeownership, as well as maternal age, marital status, activity limitations and parity to inequalities specific to each outcome, using Kitagawa's decomposition method. Results: Compared with Canadian-born mothers, foreign-born mothers experienced higher rates of all outcomes examined (eg, 627 (95% CI 608, 646) PTBs per 10 000 live births among foreign-born mothers vs 580 (568, 592) among Canadian-born mothers), except for LGA births (677 (648, 706) per 10 000 for foreign-born vs 1006 (959, 1054) for Canadian-born mothers). Non-White maternal race explained the largest proportion of the observed differences for non-fatal outcomes, while the highest income quartile explained the most for the differences in fatal outcomes. Conclusion: Foreign-born women fared worse than Canadian-born women for all adverse perinatal outcomes examined apart from LGA births. Our results highlight differential contributions of determinants to perinatal health inequalities by maternal nativity status across outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.