Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40755958›Full record

ArticleDigital health

Digital tools and self-administered home blood tests: A convergent mixed methods pilot study.

Lana Hebib, Emelie Gustafson Hedov, Maria Storgärds, Peder Af Geijerstam, Marie Löf, Jason Hy Wu, Lisa Kastbom, Karin Rådholm

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Digital health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Effect of theBMJ open · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lana HebibDepartment of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6816-8052
Emelie Gustafson HedovDepartment of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1789-1471
Maria StorgärdsMinForskning AB, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7067-3521
Peder Af GeijerstamDepartment of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6038-5131
Marie LöfDepartment of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2273-4430
Jason Hy WuThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2073-3562
Lisa KastbomDepartment of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9860-7593
Karin RådholmDepartment of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3120-0913

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Digital tools and self-administered home blood tests offer a flexible approach to research data collection, biological sample management, and informed consent but require evaluation in relevant study settings. This study explored user experiences with a web-based digital tool for trial management, symptom reporting, and home blood testing. Methods: Forty-three middle-aged participants took part in a 12-week mixed-method study, using digital tools for trial management, self-reported health data, and self-administered glycated hemoglobin A1c home blood tests. Usability was assessed through the validated mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ) with additional study-specific items. Every second participant completed a semi-structured interview, analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The MAUQ responses (scale 1-7) indicated that digital consent (94.7% agreed), and home blood tests (100% agreed) were well-received. However, finding information on digital tools was challenging (52.9% disagreed it was easy), and participants did not perceive the tools highly effective for managing health (52.9% disagreed they were helpful). Interviews with 20 participants reinforced these findings, emphasizing motivation, support, efficient resource use, and the importance of clarity, usability, safety, and security. Conclusion: While self-administered blood tests and online consent were considered user-friendly, improvements are needed in digital tool navigation and information accessibility to enhance usability in decentralized trials, especially for participants who find them difficult or unhelpful.

Indexed as

Decentralized clinical trialsdigital clinical trialsdigital healthmHealthmixed methodsremote patient monitoringself-monitoring

Identifiers

PMID40755958
PMCPMC12317230

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.