ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025
An Apple Susceptibility-Related LRR Receptor-Like Kinase MdRLKT21 Activates Plant Immunity by Hijacking a Trans-Kingdom Fungal microRNA-Like RNA.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cross-kingdom RNA in plant-microbe interactions: from molecular interactions to next-generation crop protection.Stress biology · 2026Review
- Metabolic Reprogramming of a Phenolic Acid by a Plant P450 Monooxygenase Reverses Bacterial Immunosuppression.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- MdRLKT1-MdRAX2-MdMKS1 Module Positively Regulating Resistance to Cytospora mali in Apple.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- An Apple Susceptibility-Related LRR Receptor-Like Kinase MdRLKT21 Activates Plant Immunity by Hijacking a Trans-Kingdom Fungal microRNA-Like RNA.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Fungal small RNAs (sRNAs) represent a novel class of effector molecules in plant-pathogen interactions. However, understanding of how plants counteract fungal sRNAs-mediated trans-kingdom RNA interference (RNAi) in plant immunity remains limited. In previous study, a milRNA (Vm-milR1) from Valsa mali can be found to transboundary inhibit the expression of disease-resistance genes MdRLKT1 and MdRLKT2 in apple. In this study, a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase MdRLKT21 is isolated and characterized, and is confirmed to play a negative regulatory role in the basal immune response. Importantly, MdRLKT21 could hijack Vm-milR1 to rescue the suppression of MdRLKT1 and MdRLKT2, and a similar phenomenon is also observed in the interaction between V. mali and pear trees. Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that MdRLKT21 can interact with and phosphorylate a C3HC4-type RING finger protein MdRFP1, which positively regulates the apple resistance to V. mali infection. What's more, it is found that MdRLKT21 could inhibit the MdRFP1-mediated immune response, probably by promoting the 26S proteasome-mediated degradation of MdRFP1 in a kinase activity-dependent manner. Taken together, it is proposed that an apple susceptibility-related LRR-RLK competitively binds to fungal sRNA effector and subsequently activates defenses by salvaging the expression of MdRLKT1 and MdRLKT2 and thereby releasing the resistance protein MdRFP1.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.