Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40754346›Full record

ArticleBMJ paediatrics open2025

Understanding the caregiver experience: a cross-sectional study of caregiver burden among those caring for chronically ill children in Jordan.

Lina Alshadfan, Mohammad Deameh, Aya Alhyary, Mohammad Da'meh, Khaled El-Areidi, Mahmod Sharqi, Ahmad Alkayed, Khaled Da'meh, Osama Alhaj Ali, Ghada Alkhdour and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ paediatrics open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Lina AlshadfanDepartment of Pediatric, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan Lina.shadfan@bau.edu.jo.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4832-5149
Mohammad DeamehHashemite Kingdom of Jordan Ministry of Health, Amman, Amman Governorate, Jordan.
Aya AlhyaryAl-Hussein Hospital, Amman, Amman Governorate, Jordan.
Mohammad Da'mehSchool of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan.
Khaled El-AreidiSchool of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan.
Mahmod SharqiSchool of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan.
Ahmad AlkayedSchool of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan.
Khaled Da'mehThe University of Jordan Faculty of Nursing, Amman, Amman Governorate, Jordan.
Osama Alhaj AliSchool of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan.
Ghada AlkhdourSchool of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan.
Rahaf Abu-Shai'rahSchool of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan.
Basel AkashSchool of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan.
Mohammad AlfaouriSchool of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan.
Saleh AbualhajDepartment of General Surgery, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Amman Governorate, Jordan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCaregivers of children with chronic illnesses often experience varying levels of burden, influenced by multiple psychosocial and environmental factors. Understanding the specific sources and determinants of caregiver burden is crucial for developing supportive interventions, particularly in regions where research remains limited.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 352 caregivers to assess the extent and nature of caregiving burden. Burden levels were measured using a validated Arabic version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI-A) questionnaire, and associations with sociodemographic factors were examined.

resultsThe study included 352 caregivers of children with chronic illnesses, with a mean child age of 9.5 years (SD=4.4) and a majority being boys (64.5%). The mean age of the caregivers was 40.3 years (SD=9.2, range: 20-70 years), with most being mothers (83.8%). According to the ZBI-A Score, 38.6% experienced no-to-mild burden, 40.6% reported mild-to-moderate burden and 20.8% faced high burden. The most prominent burden sources were feelings of inadequacy, stress balancing childcare with other responsibilities and insufficient time for self-care (mean: 2.83, 2.61 and 2.47, respectively). Moderate burdens included fatigue, lack of privacy and health deterioration (mean: 2.07, 2.07 and 2.00, respectively), while the lowest level was observed for anger (mean: 1.74). Lower family income and non-attendance of children in school were significantly associated with higher caregiver burden (p=0.04 and 0.02, respectively).

conclusionCaregiver burden is a significant issue among parents of chronically ill children, shaped by emotional, social and financial stressors. Strengthening school-based support services and addressing financial hardships may substantially reduce caregiver burden and improve family well-being.

Indexed as

Caregiver BurdenCaregiversCost of IllnessStress, PsychologicalAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolChronic DiseaseCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansJordanMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesCaregiversChild HealthHealth services researchLow and Middle Income CountriesPsychology

Identifiers

PMID40754346
PMCPMC12604349

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.