Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40753427›Full record

ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2025

Revisiting hypertension prevalence and risk factors: prevalence of hypertension and risk of diabetes in China.

Qiuting Jia, Yanbing Pan, Yan Zhang, Haiyu Zhang, Yanzi Zhang, Yongle Wang, Yihui Kong

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Qiuting JiaDepartment of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
Yanbing PanDepartment of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
Yan ZhangDepartment of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
Haiyu ZhangDepartment of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
Yanzi ZhangDepartment of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
Yongle WangDepartment of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
Yihui KongDepartment of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China. 600447@hrbmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Wu Jieping Medical Foundation NO.320.6750.2020-06-77, NO.320.6750.2022-06-78
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypertension is a common and serious public health issue, with elevated blood pressure significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In adults, blood pressure values of 130–139 mm Hg/80–89 mm Hg are associated with an increasing relative risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality. According to the American College of Cardiology (ACC) / American Heart Association (AHA) criteria for the diagnosis of hypertension, this study aimed to describe the prevalence and risk factors for stage 1 (systolic blood pressure 130–139 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure 80–89 mm Hg) and stage 2 (systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg) hypertension. Second, to evaluate the effect of different hypertension grades on the incidence of diabetes.

methodsData were obtained from the DATADRYAD database. This study included 32,625 adults from 32 regions in 11 cities in China, enrolled between 2010 and 2016, who were free of diabetes at baseline. Logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors for different grades of hypertension. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship between stage 1 and stage 2 of hypertension and diabetes. All data were analyzed using the SAS 9.4 software and R software (version 4.2.2).

resultsThe study showed that the prevalence of stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension was higher, and the prevalence of stage 1 was higher than stage 2 hypertension. Sex, age, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were the risk factors for stage 1 hypertension, and sex, age, BMI, cholesterol, triglycerides, ALT, and alcohol drinking were risk factors for stage 2 hypertension. In addition, our study demonstrated a significant interaction between age and sex, BMI and sex on the risk of hypertension, respectively. Furthermore, the higher the blood pressure, the higher the risk of developing diabetes.

conclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of paying attention not only to individuals with stage 2 hypertension but also to those with stage 1 hypertension, given the elevated risk of diabetes associated with both.

Indexed as

Blood PressureDiabetes MellitusHypertensionAdultAgedChinaDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPrevalencePrognosisRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsDiabetesHypertensionPrevalenceRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID40753427
PMCPMC12317466

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.