Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40753282›Full record

ArticleSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2026

Head Acceleration Event Exposure During Elite Men's and Women's Rugby Union Training.

Samuel Hudson, James Tooby, Gregory Roe, Thomas Sawczuk, Dario Cazzola, Matt Cross, Ben Jones, Simon Kemp, Sarah Whitehead, Keith Stokes

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Samuel HudsonCentre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, Bath, UK. sjh241@bath.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-0841-7009
James ToobyCarnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5398-4416
Gregory RoeCarnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1428-9282
Thomas SawczukCarnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4243-132X
Dario CazzolaCentre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, Bath, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7877-6755
Matt CrossCarnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.
Ben JonesCarnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4274-6236
Simon KempRugby Football Union, Twickenham, UK.
Sarah WhiteheadCarnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6105-3160
Keith StokesCentre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, Bath, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5049-2838

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the incidence and magnitude of head acceleration events (HAEs) during elite men's and women's rugby union training for different contact training levels and drill types.

methodData were collected during the 2022-23 and 2023-24 seasons from 203 men and 125 women from 13 clubs using instrumented mouthguards (iMGs) during in-season training. One author reviewed the training videos to identify the contact level and drill type. HAE incidence was calculated per player minute.

resultsFor men's forwards and backs, only 4.7% and 5.8% of HAEs were ≥ 25 g and ≥ 1.5 Krad/s

conclusionThe average HAE incidence (~ 13-20% of weekly HAEs) and magnitude during an in-season training week is very low compared with matches. Opportunities to materially reduce HAE exposure in training are likely more limited than previously assumed. Future research on HAE load and injury, and understanding players' specific weekly training exposure, may inform effective individual player management.

Indexed as

AccelerationFootballHeadPhysical Conditioning, HumanAdultFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMouth ProtectorsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID40753282
PMCPMC12913257

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.