ReviewEye (London, England)2025
Current and emerging strategies for myopia control: a narrative review of optical, pharmacological, behavioural, and adjunctive therapies.
Review in Eye (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Biological mechanisms of atropine in myopia control (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Pooled it
- Diffractive optical element (D.O.E) spectacle lenses for myopia prevention and control: a small-scale pilot study among younger Chinese children.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Prevalence, Associations, and Visual Impact of Myopic Macular Degeneration in a Multi-ethnic Older Population in Singapore: The PIONEER Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Early Axial Length Response Predicts Long-Term Myopia Control in Children Undergoing Orthokeratology.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Clearer Vision, Brighter Futures: Addressing Unmet Pediatric Eye Care Needs Through School-Based Vision Programs.The Journal of school health · 2026Article
- Long-term outcomes of orthokeratology in eyes with myopic regression after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK): a retrospective clinical study of 12 eyes.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- A Comparative Study of Atropine, Orthokeratology, and Combination Therapy for Axial Elongation in Children with Myopia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Non-Pharmacological and Non-Optical Interventions for Myopia Prevention and Control in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Atropine reinstates inflammation-induced dysregulation of dopamine and its receptors in human scleral cells: Implications for myopia therapy.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of large language models and retrieval-augmented generation for clinical reasoning in pediatric myopia: a 50-case real-world study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Management after two consecutive suction losses during small-incision lenticule extraction: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Design-Dependent Myopia Control in Orthokeratology: Spherical Versus Aspherical Back Optic Zone Profiles.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Real-World Comparison of the Effectiveness of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments and Myopi-X Spectacle Lenses for Myopia Control in Turkish Children: A Retrospective Study.Turkish journal of ophthalmology · 2026Observational
- Clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of four myopia control interventions in children: a single-center retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- Knowledge and Awareness of Myopia Among Parents and Teachers of Schoolchildren Aged 6-15 Years in Beirut, Lebanon.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Influence of High Myopia on Outcomes of iStent Inject W Implantation Combined with Cataract Surgery up to 24 Months of Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Comment on: "Current and emerging strategies for myopia control: a narrative review of optical, pharmacological, behavioural, and adjunctive therapies".Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Next-generation smart ophthalmic biomaterials: From passive response to active interaction and closed-loop control.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Response to: 'Comment on: 'Current and emerging strategies for myopia control: a narrative review of optical, pharmacological, behavioural, and adjunctive therapies".Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Interocular asymmetry and ocular biometric patterns in pediatric high myopia: implications for early risk stratification.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Myopia has become a leading cause of visual impairment globally, with a rapidly increasing prevalence among children, particularly in urbanised areas of East and Southeast Asia. High and pathologic myopia can lead to irreversible complications, including retinal detachment, glaucoma, and myopic maculopathy. This narrative review synthesises current and emerging strategies for myopia control as of 2025, integrating evidence from optical, pharmacological, behavioural, and surgical domains. Multifocal contact lenses, orthokeratology, and defocus-incorporated spectacles are effective in modulating axial elongation. Low-dose atropine remains a cornerstone pharmacologic therapy with consistent efficacy. Behavioural interventions, such as increased outdoor time, provide preventive benefits and are endorsed in school-based programs. Repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy represents a novel, non-invasive option with growing support. Surgical approaches, while corrective rather than preventive, are relevant in advanced cases. The review also compares intervention efficacy, discusses the rationale for combination therapies, and highlights the need for individualised, age-appropriate strategies. Key challenges include treatment variability, limited long-term data, and barriers to adherence and access. Future directions involve personalised risk prediction, global implementation frameworks, and public health engagement. A multimodal, patient-centred approach is essential to reduce the lifelong burden of myopia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.