Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40750997›Full record

SynthesisScientific reports2025

Neurofeedback training for executive function in ADHD children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Xiaoke Zhong, Xiaoxia Yuan, Yuanfu Dai, Xinbi Zhang, Changhao Jiang

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaoke ZhongSchool of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
Xiaoxia YuanUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Yuanfu DaiSchool of Kinesiology and Health, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China.
Xinbi ZhangSchool of Kinesiology and Health, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China.
Changhao JiangSchool of Kinesiology and Health, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China. jiangchanghao@cupes.edu.cn.

Funding

Beijing Key Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences 19YTA001Emerging Interdisciplinary Platform for Medicine and Engineering in Sports 20230929National Natural Science Foundation of China 32371132
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Executive function deficits are commonly observed in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This research investigates the effectiveness of neurofeedback training (NFT) in improving executive functions among this group. Studies were meticulously selected following stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of these studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. Seventeen RCT studies were identified, totaling 939 participants. We observed significant improvements in global executive function (p < 0.055), inhibitory control (p < 0.0001) and working memory (p < 0.05) following NFT. Notably, NFT exceeding 1,260 min was more effective in enhancing inhibitory control (p < 0.01) and working memory (p < 0.01). Additionally, the effects of NFT on inhibitory control (p = 0.05) and working memory (p < 0.01) were found to be enduring. NFT is an effective intervention for improving inhibitory control and working memory in children with ADHD. Working memory exhibits a more significant enhancement when the duration exceeds 1260 min, while inhibitory control follows closely behind. Moreover, it has a more sustained effect on working memory, alongside a notable albeit secondary effect on inhibitory control.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityExecutive FunctionNeurofeedbackChildHumansMaleMemory, Short-TermADHDChildrenExecutive functionMeta-analysisNeurofeedback training

Identifiers

PMID40750997
PMCPMC12316938

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.