Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40750767›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Mechanical-electric dual characteristics solid-liquid interfacing sensor for accurate liquid identification.

Lingjie Xie, Bohan Lu, Zhengdi Sima, Yina Liu, Haifeng Ji, Zhenqiu Gao, Peng Jiang, Harm Van Zalinge, Ivona Z Mitrovic, Xuhui Sun and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Lingjie XieInstitute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China.
Bohan LuDepartment of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, P.R. China.
Zhengdi SimaDepartment of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, P.R. China.
Yina LiuDepartment of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, P.R. China. Yina.Liu@xjtlu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4908-9355
Haifeng JiInstitute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China.
Zhenqiu GaoInstitute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China.
Peng JiangInstitute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China.
Harm Van ZalingeDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0996-1281
Ivona Z MitrovicDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Xuhui SunInstitute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0002-1146
Zhen WenInstitute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China. wenzhen2011@suda.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9780-6876

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) U21A20147Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation) BK20240152
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The demand for portable and rapid identification of liquids has challenged traditional laboratory methods. Here, we propose a high-accuracy liquid identification strategy that integrates water droplet mechanics and solid-liquid interface contact electrification. By applying non-Hookean mechanical properties of droplets, we fabricate a lotus leaf-inspired ZnO-Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) superhydrophobic solid-liquid sensor. Based on the special mechanical-electric coupling interface, it achieves the highest droplet pressure sensitivity of 281 mV/Pa. We have made a breakthrough in detecting diverse solution composition with a high monitoring resolution of 5 nM metal ions and 0.1% of alcohol concentration. Through the design of double-stacked devices, triboelectric signals are able to be decoupled into mechanical and contact electrification dual-mode signals. With the integration of a gated recurrent unit (GRU) model, intelligent identification of ten liquids has reached an ultrahigh accuracy of 99%, opening up a pathway for portable liquid monitoring.

Identifiers

PMID40750767
PMCPMC12316962

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.