Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40750168›Full record

ArticleJACC. Case reports2025

Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis Diagnosed via 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing.

Masataka Arakawa, Koki Takada, Takahiko Shiba, Takahiko Nagai, Satoru Ogane, Tomoki Shimokawa, Sayaka Katagiri, Takanori Iwata, Ken Kozuma, Akihisa Kataoka

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JACC. Case reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Masataka ArakawaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Koki TakadaDepartment of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Takahiko ShibaDepartment of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Takahiko NagaiDepartment of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Satoru OganeDepartment of Plastic, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Tomoki ShimokawaDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Sayaka KatagiriDepartment of Oral Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Oral-Systemic Health, Oral Science Center, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Takanori IwataDepartment of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Ken KozumaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Akihisa KataokaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: kataoaki@sd5.so-net.ne.jp.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfective endocarditis (IE) is typically diagnosed using the 2023 Duke-International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases criteria, which emphasize positive blood culture results. However, these criteria do not include genome sequencing. The 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing shows promise for pathogen identification and early detection, particularly in blood culture-negative IE (BCNE). CASE SUMMARY: A 71-year-old man with recurrent fever and dyspnea was diagnosed with IE, causing severe aortic and mitral regurgitation. Although blood culture results were negative, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing identified Streptococcus as the causative pathogen. Valve replacement surgery successfully resolved IE and heart failure. DISCUSSION: Negative culture results were most likely due to prior antibiotic therapy. However, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed a high abundance of Streptococcus in the heart, blood, and saliva, demonstrating its diagnostic utility for BCNE. TAKE-HOME MESSAGE: Integrating sequencing technology with bioinformatics advances the diagnosis of IE by enabling early, precise pathogen identification, particularly in BCNE cases.

Indexed as

16S rRNA gene sequencingblood culture–negative endocarditisinfective endocarditispathogen identification

Identifiers

PMID40750168
PMCPMC12441504

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.