ArticleJournal of advanced research2026
Global genomics of Lactococcus lactis: horizontal gene transfer and intergenic variation drive multiple domestication and dairy adaptation.
Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Menaquinone biosynthesis inEngineering microbiology · 2026Review
- Genetically Modified Lactic Acid Bacteria in the EU Food Chain: Applications, Benefits, and Risk Assessment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLactococcus lactis is a crucial lactic acid bacterium of great economically significance for cheese product. The species exhibits wildly distribution and significant genetic diversity, yet the underlying drivers of its differentiation remain elusive.
objectivesLactococcus lactis, exhibits complex genetic diversity, yet the mechanisms driving its differentiation and niche adaptation remain poorly understood.
methodsThis study assembled a genome dataset of 1008 isolates of Lactococcus lactis from six major habitats across five continents. And combined with public database data, used population genomics and function genomics to analysis the population structure and adaptation.
resultsTo elucidate its population structure and domestication history, 1008 genomes from six diverse habitats across five continents were analyzed, revealing two major genetic branches subdivided into ten distinct lineages. Phylogenomic and ancestral analyses support a multiple domestication model, with the ancestral plant-associated lineage (L6) diversified into dairy-adapted lineages (L8-L10) through extensive horizontal gene transfer, primarily facilitated by mobile genetic elements. Notably, intergenic regions (IGRs) critically influence phenotypic diversity and genetic structure, underscoring the functional significance of non-coding sequences in microbial adaptation. Pan-genome analysis highlights extensive accessory gene and IGR diversity, with habitat-specific enrichments: dairy lineages are enriched in mobile genetic elements and carbohydrate-active enzymes, while plant isolates show reduced genetic exchange. A machine learning framework integrating single nucleotide polymorphisms, genes, and IGRs accurately predicts isolate-specific fermentation traits, enabling efficient industrial strain selection.
conclusionThese findings redefine non-coding regions as key drivers of microbial domestication and provide a genomic framework to optimize Lactococcus lactis for dairy fermentation and biotechnology, bridging ecological adaptation with applied innovation.
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