ArticlePloS one2025
Prevalence and associated factors for HIV, HBV and syphilis coinfections among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Tanzania.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Integrated Service Delivery Models for Triple Elimination of Mother to Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B Virus: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- HIV and Hepatitis B co-infection in Tanzania: Analysis of the 2022-2023 Tanzania HIV Impact Survey.PloS one · 2026Article
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8 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCoinfection with HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis increases the risk of vertical transmission. Hence, affecting overall maternal health and child health outcomes. The Tanzanian government is planning to add HBV screening to the existing Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV and syphilis program; however, the burden of coinfections in the country is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV, HBV and syphilis coinfections and their associated factors among pregnant women receiving antenatal care in Tanzania.
methodsA facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted, utilizing data from the national feasibility study of triple testing for HIV, syphilis and HBV among pregnant women. The data were analysed via STATA version 16.1, and bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to check for associations. Variables with a P value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
resultsA total of 7,828 pregnant women were enrolled, 0.4% (95% CI 0.3-0.6) of whom were coinfected. The prevalence rates for HIV/HBV, HIV/syphilis, HBV/syphilis and HIV/HBV/syphilis coinfections were 0.1% (95% CI 0.1-0.2), 0.2% (95% CI 0.1-0.4), 0.1% (95% CI 0.0-0.2) and 0.0% (95% CI 0.0-0.1), respectively. History of multiple sexual partners (AOR 6.1; 95% CI: 1.3-29.7, P = 0.025) was associated with HIV/HBV coinfection. Age 25-49 years (AOR 13.5; 95% CI 1.8-103.8, P = 0.012) and marital status (AOR 0.2; 95% CI 0.1-0.8, P = 0.018) were associated with HIV/syphilis coinfection. For HBV/syphilis coinfection, marital status (AOR 0.1; 95% CI 0.0-0.9, P = 0.036) and history of multiple sexual partners (AOR 16.8; 95% CI 2.5-114.9, P = 0.004) were independently associated.
conclusionCoinfections are present among pregnant women in Tanzania; therefore, it is important to include hepatitis B screening in the existing PMTCT of HIV and syphilis program. Interventions should focus on single, child-bearing women with multiple sexual partners.
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