ReviewImmunotherapy2025
Overcoming immunotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer: a narrative review of related factors.
Review in Immunotherapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Residual Lung Cancer After Incomplete Microwave Ablation Exhibits cGAS-STING-ZEB1-Driven Malignant Progression.Cancers · 2026Article
- Rewiring the Molecular Interplay of CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Lung Cancer: From Cell Cycle Control to Immune Microenvironment Remodeling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Targeting TROP-2 in treatment-resistant non-small cell lung cancer harboring theOncology letters · 2026Article
- Digital immune twins and ai-integrated multi-omic biomarkers: Redefining personalized immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a circulating tumor DNA-based machine learning model for predicting immunotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for over 80% of lung cancer cases and is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Resistance to immunotherapy in NSCLC involves genetic mutations, tumor microenvironment (TME) characteristics, treatment history, and age-related factors. Despite increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), resistance mechanisms remain poorly understood. Key genetic alterations associated with resistance include STK11, KEAP1, and EGFR mutations, particularly with low tumor mutational burden (TMB). The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, characterized by regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, can hinder ICI efficacy. Metabolic alterations and deficient antigen presentation contribute to resistance. Prior treatments can alter the tumor microenvironment, affecting subsequent immunotherapy responses. Age-related factors, including immunosenescence, influence resistance, with older patients having higher TMB and more immunogenic microenvironments. Strategies to overcome resistance include combination therapies, biomarker-driven approaches, and targeting novel pathways. Combining ICIs with chemotherapy or radiation can enhance antitumor responses. Biomarker approaches, such as TMB and PD-L1 expression assessment, help tailor therapies. Exploring novel targets like RIG-I and STING pathways may provide additional solutions. Understanding these factors is crucial for developing personalized strategies to overcome immunotherapy resistance in NSCLC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.