Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40747767›Full record

ArticleThe Laryngoscope2026

Alveolar Extracellular Vesicles May Protect Some Patients With Chronic Aspiration From Pneumonia.

James T Ross, Nina W Zhao, Dino Petrov, Ching-Wen Lin, Alyssa Bellini, Neona Lowe, Bryan Nguyen, Dustin Hadley, Randy P Carney, Anamaria J Robles and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Laryngoscope, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

James T RossDepartment of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8465-8250
Nina W ZhaoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Dino PetrovThe Blood, Heart, Lung, and Immunology Research Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Ching-Wen LinThe Blood, Heart, Lung, and Immunology Research Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Alyssa BelliniDepartment of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.
Neona LoweDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Bryan NguyenDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Dustin HadleyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Randy P CarneyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Anamaria J RoblesDepartment of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.
Rachael A CallcutDepartment of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.
Peter C BelafskyDepartment of Otolaryngology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.

Funding

R01 Administrative Supplement for AI Prediction of Trauma Resuscitation ResponsivenessR01HL149670 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CALLCUT, RACHAEL A · 2020 to 2024
$4.6M
California Institute for Regenerative MedicineEastern Association for the Surgery of TraumaInovio PharmaceuticalsNHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL149670NIH HHS HL149670The Blood, Heart, Lung and Immunology Research Center, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesAspiration pneumonia (PNA) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Up to 30% of healthy older adults may aspirate; however, many individuals with chronic aspiration do not develop PNA. We hypothesize that some patients with chronic aspiration may have distinct immune profiles that protect against PNA.

methodsWe prospectively enrolled 23 adults with profound swallowing impairment and objective evidence of chronic aspiration, and 5 controls without aspiration. All patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage. Samples were analyzed for pH, cytokines, and markers of immune cell function. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated from alveolar fluid by ultracentrifugation, and EV protein composition was analyzed by mass spectrometry.

resultsOf 23 chronic aspirators (median age 63 [61-69], 87% male), 14 (61%) had no PNA and 9 (39%) had ≥ 1 PNA in 2 years. There was no difference in the penetration-aspiration score, patient-reported outcome scores, markers of inflammation, neutrophil function, or pH in the alveolar fluid between groups. Compared to chronic aspirators without PNAs, those with PNAs had a significantly higher alveolar EV concentration (5.6 × 10

conclusionsPatients with chronic aspiration who are not prone to developing pneumonia exhibit a distinct alveolar immune phenotype which may be protective against lung injury. These extracellular-mediated pathways may serve as future diagnostic and therapeutic targets. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3.

Indexed as

Deglutition DisordersExtracellular VesiclesPneumonia, AspirationPulmonary AlveoliAgedBiomarkersBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidCase-Control StudiesChronic DiseaseCytokinesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesBiomarkersCytokinesalveolar fluidaspirationextracellular vesicleslung immunitypneumonia

Identifiers

PMID40747767
PMCPMC12770865

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.