ArticleHIV medicine2025
Leukocyte count and new-onset diabetes mellitus in people with HIV: A longitudinal study.
Article in HIV medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of leukocyte count with death in people with HIV: A longitudinal study over 24 years.PloS one · 2026Article
- Leukocyte count and new-onset diabetes mellitus in people with HIV: A longitudinal study.HIV medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increased in people with HIV. Chronic inflammation contributes to DM risk. High leukocytes are associated with DM in the general population, but in people with HIV, evidence of a leukocyte-DM association is limited.
methodsWe included participants of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study with new-onset DM (2000-2023) and matched controls. We obtained uni- and multivariable odds ratios (ORs) for DM, based on traditional and HIV-related DM risk factors, leukocyte count and potential confounders for leukocyte count.
resultsAmong 732 DM cases (median age 54 years, 79% male at birth, 86% with suppressed HIV RNA) and 2032 DM-free controls, the latest leukocyte count prior to DM diagnosis was higher in cases than in controls (median [interquartile range], 6200 [5115-7800] vs. 5900/μL [4800-7180]; p < 0.001), but leucocytosis (>11 000/μL) was uncommon (3.8% vs. 2.3%; p = 0.032). DM-OR in the highest vs. lowest leukocyte quintile was 1.91 (95% confidence interval, 1.45-2.52) in univariable analysis and 2.47 (1.71-3.57) in multivariable analysis. For comparison, multivariable DM-OR for dyslipidaemia, overweight, ≥12-month stavudine exposure and ≥12-month integrase inhibitor exposure were 2.23 (1.80-2.75), 2.83 (2.21-3.62), 1.54 (1.16-2.04) and 2.29 (1.13-4.62), respectively. We found no relevant confounders for the leukocyte-DM association. Leukocytes were significantly associated with DM up to 10 years before diagnosis (all p < 0.02).
conclusionsHigh leukocyte count is an independent DM risk factor in people with HIV in Switzerland and increases the risk of DM to a degree similar to traditional and HIV-related risk factors, up to 10 years before DM diagnosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.