ArticleFrontiers in neuroanatomy2025
The orca (
Article in Frontiers in neuroanatomy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Morphological, Histological and Ultrastructural Characterization of the Common Dolphin's Adrenal Glands.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pituitary gland is central to endocrine regulation in vertebrates, coordinating key physiological processes such as growth, reproduction, and stress responses. In cetaceans, and particularly in large odontocetes like orcas (Orcinus orca), understanding pituitary structure is essential for advancing neuroendocrine research and informing welfare and health assessments. Despite their ecological, cognitive, and conservation significance, detailed morphological studies of the orca pituitary gland remain scarce. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive structural and ultrastructural analysis of the orca pituitary gland using postmortem samples from four captive individuals. We combined computed tomography, histology, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy to examine the gland's anatomical organization and cellular composition. Our results reveal features consistent with other cetaceans as well as species-specific characteristics, including the distribution and morphology of endocrine cells within the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis. These findings provide the first integrated anatomical and ultrastructural reference for the orca pituitary gland, offering valuable insights into cetacean neuroendocrinology and supporting improved species-specific welfare evaluation, health monitoring, and management practices for orcas under human care.
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Registered trials
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