Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40746541›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025

Validation and optimization of classification criteria for childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus in a multi-center Chinese cohort.

Yudi Zhang, Tian Shen, Sihao Gao, Junxia Yan, Jingcheng Shi, Xuemei Tang, Mo Wang, Jun Yang, Haiguo Yu, Huawei Mao and 8 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Yudi Zhang *Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Tian Shen *Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Sihao Gao *Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Junxia YanDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Jingcheng ShiDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xuemei TangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Mo WangDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Jun YangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Haiguo YuDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Huawei MaoDepartment of Immunology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
Lanjun ShuaiDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Yongzhen LiDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Yan CaoDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xiaoyan LiDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Ying WangDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Qian LiuDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Hongmei SongDepartment of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Xiaochuan WuDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the 2012 SLICC and 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria in Chinese cSLE patients and aimed to develop an optimized classification schema based on the 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria, specifically tailored for cSLE. Methods: Data from cSLE and control cases were extracted from the CAPRID database. Gold-standard diagnosis were established by consensus among 43 rheumatologists (≥80% agreement). From 1,390 consensus cases, a random selection of 1,045 cases (512 cSLE/533 non-cSLE) were allocated to derivation (n=522) and validation (n=523) cohorts. The 2012 SLICC and 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria were evaluated in the total cohort. Multiple optimization schemes were then developed through LASSO regression with expert consultation in the derivation cohort. All potential optimization schemes underwent validation in the validation cohort, from which the optimal scheme was selected and further evaluated in an ANA-positive subgroup. Results: The 2012 SLICC criteria demonstrated sensitivity of 96.7% and specificity of 96.5%, while the 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria had sensitivity of 95.3% and specificity of 97.8%, with an optimal total score threshold of 10. When both the non-scarring alopecia and arthritis criteria were removed alongside the redefined urinary protein criterion, specificity significantly improved to 99.3% ( Conclusion: Both criteria performed well in Chinese cSLE patients. Optimizing the 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria by removing alopecia and arthritis criteria and modifying the urinary protein criterion enhanced specificity without compromising sensitivity.

Indexed as

Lupus Erythematosus, SystemicAdolescentAge of OnsetChildChinaCohort StudiesEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansMaleSensitivity and Specificitychildhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosusclassification criteriacriteria optimizationcriteria validationEULAR/ACR-2019SLICC-2012

Identifiers

PMID40746541
PMCPMC12310706

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.