Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40745625›Full record

ArticleJournal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology2026

Sex Differences in Elderly Multiple Sclerosis Patients Undergoing Neurorehabilitation: How Many Things are Taken for Granted? A Retrospective Study.

Davide Cardile, Maria Grazia Maggio, Lilla Bonanno, Mirjam Bonanno, Rosaria De Luca, Francesco Corallo, Fausto Famà, Amelia Rizzo, Angelo Quartarone, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Davide CardileNeurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy.
Maria Grazia MaggioNeurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0757-2389
Lilla BonannoNeurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy.
Mirjam BonannoNeurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy.
Rosaria De LucaNeurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy.
Francesco CoralloNeurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy.
Fausto FamàDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Amelia RizzoDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Angelo QuartaroneNeurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy.
Rocco Salvatore CalabròNeurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BackgroundOur aim is to evaluate the intricate dynamics of gender differences in cognitive rehabilitation outcomes among older adults with MS undergoing cognitive rehabilitation using robotics plus virtual reality.MethodsThis retrospective study included 80 RRMS patients aged >60 years, matched for demographic and clinical variables and divided into two groups. The experimental group (EG, n = 40) received Lokomat Free-D training with VR integration, while the control group (CG, n = 40) underwent traditional rehabilitation. Cognitive, functional, and emotional outcomes were assessed before and after treatment.ResultsIntergroup analysis revealed significantly greater improvements in the EG compared to the CG in MoCA (

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionMultiple SclerosisMultiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-RemittingNeurological RehabilitationAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRoboticsSex FactorsVirtual Realitygender differencesLokomatmultiple sclerosisneurorehabilitationvirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID40745625
PMCPMC12799802

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