ReviewMaternal health, neonatology and perinatology2025
Meta-analysis of maternal and neonatal outcomes of cannabis use in pregnancy current to March 2024.
Review in Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Outcomes in offspring of interventions to treat substance use in pregnancy: protocol for an umbrella review.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
importanceFollowing expansive legalization of cannabis in many parts of the United States, cannabis use in pregnancy has increased several fold. There is a pressing need to understand the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with this exposure.
objectiveTo quantify the maternal and neonatal outcomes of mothers using cannabis during pregnancy. DATA SOURCES: We searched five databases for all relevant observational studies, from each database's inception until March 1st 2024. STUDY SELECTION: Two reviewers separately screened the studies in duplicate. Our initial search yielded 5184 studies, of which 51 (0.98%) were included in our qualitative synthesis. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Our study adhered to PRISMA guidelines and independent extraction by two researchers was utilized. We used a 95% confidence interval and the random effects model, as there was significant heterogeneity between studies.
resultsThe 51 included studies yielded a total population of 7,920,383 pregnant women. Cannabis consumption was associated with increased risks of low birth weight (RR = 1.69,95% CI = (1.34,2.14),P < 0.0001), small for gestational age (RR = 1.79,95% CI = (1.52, 2.1),P < 0.00001), major anomalies (RR = 1.81,95% CI = (1.48, 2.23),P < 0.00001), decreased head circumference (MD = -0.34,95% CI = (-0.57,-0.11),P = 0.004), birth weight (MD = -177.81,95% CI = (-224.72,-130.91),P < 0.00001), birth length (MD = -0.87,95% CI = (-1.15,-0.59),P < 0.00001), gestational age (MD = -0.21,95% CI = (-0.35,-0.08),P = 0.002), NICU admission (RR = 1.55,95% CI = (1.36,1.78),P < 0.00001), perinatal mortality (RR = 1.72,95% CI = (1.09,2.71),P = 0.02), and preterm delivery (RR = 1.39,95% CI = (1.23,1.56),P < 0.00001). Cannabis use was also associated with a decreased risk of gestational diabetes in pregnancy (RR = 0.64,95% CI = (0.55,0.75),P < 0.00001).
conclusionsInclusion of the latest published data continues to show worse maternal and neonatal outcomes for mothers using cannabis in pregnancy.
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