ArticlePediatric cardiology2026
Type and Frequency of Arrhythmias Status Post Hybrid Procedure at 6 Years of Age.
Article in Pediatric cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hybrid pathway is an alternative surgical route for patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and patients with single-ventricle systemic obstructive physiology. Limited data exist on post-Fontan arrhythmias in these patients. This study aimed to assess the type and frequency of arrhythmias post-Fontan in hybrid pathway patients and compare them to the Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial (SVRT). A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients with single-ventricle anatomy who underwent the hybrid procedure and subsequently completed the Fontan surgery. Exclusion criteria included incomplete pre- or post-operative Fontan data or lack of post-Fontan hospital discharge. Baseline demographics, pre-Fontan ECG, 6-year ECG and Holter, and cardiac medications were recorded. Arrhythmias were defined as isolated atrial or ventricular ectopy, non-sustained or sustained tachyarrhythmias. A total of 116 patients met criteria (HLHS n = 79, single-ventricle variants n = 37). Fontan age was 2.7 ± 0.7 years, post-Fontan ECG age was 6.4 ± 0.9 years, and Holter age was 7.0 ± 1.8 years. Mortality occurred in 3 patients and transplantation in 2 patients. Atrial arrhythmias appeared in 69% (70/102) of the Holters, mostly isolated (70/70,100%) and rare (65/70, 93%). Ventricular arrhythmias appeared in 62% (63/102), also mainly isolated (63/63, 100%), and rare (62/63, 98%). Any degree of AV block occurred in 8.8% (9/102) and pacemaker placement occurred in 2.6% (3/116). PR interval, QRS duration, and QTc values were not associated with death or transplantation. Hybrid pathway had higher odds of atrial arrhythmias compared to SVRT Norwood-shunt (OR 4.11 (2.29, 7.53)) and Norwood-conduit (OR 4.38 (2.46, 7.92)). Odds ratios were not different for ventricular arrhythmias between the three groups. Hybrid pathway had a lower odds ratio for any degree of AV block compared to the Norwood-conduit group (0.35 (0.14, 0.76)). Incidence of pacemakers was similar between hybrid (2.9%), Norwood-shunt (4.2%), and Norwood-conduit (3.8%) groups. At 6 years post-Fontan, benign atrial and ventricular arrhythmias were common in patients on the hybrid pathway. Incidence of atrial arrhythmias was higher in the hybrid group compared to the SVRT data, mostly due to isolated, rare atrial ectopy. The incidence of ventricular arrhythmia types and pacemaker placement were similar to SVRT data. Ongoing surveillance in this high-risk population is recommended.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40745509What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.