Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40744938›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

A hyperfine-transition-referenced vector spectrum analyzer for visible-light integrated photonics.

Baoqi Shi, Ming-Yang Zheng, Yue Hu, Yunkai Zhao, Zhenyuan Shang, Zeying Zhong, Zhen Chen, Yi-Han Luo, Jinbao Long, Wei Sun and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Baoqi Shi *Department of Optics and Optical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-5131
Ming-Yang Zheng *Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan, 250101, China.
Yue HuInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Yunkai ZhaoInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Zhenyuan ShangInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Zeying ZhongInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Zhen ChenInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Yi-Han LuoInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Jinbao LongInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Wei SunInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Wenbo MaJinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan, 250101, China.
Xiu-Ping XieJinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan, 250101, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-8339-4382
Lan GaoInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Chen ShenInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
Anting WangDepartment of Optics and Optical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0073-0375
Wei LiangSuzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China.
Qiang ZhangJinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan, 250101, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3482-3091
Junqiu LiuInternational Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China. liujq@iqasz.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2405-6028

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 12261131503, 12404417, 12404436, 62075233Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation) ZR2021LLZ013, ZR2022LLZ009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Integrated photonics has been successfully established in the near-infrared (NIR) telecommunication bands. With the soaring demand in biosensing, quantum information and transportable atomic clocks, extensive endeavors have been stacked on translating integrated photonics into the visible spectrum. Demonstrations of visible-light lasers, frequency combs, and atom traps highlight the prospect of creating chip-based optical atomic clocks that can make timing and metrology ubiquitous. A pillar to the development of visible-light integrated photonics is characterization techniques featuring high frequency resolution and wide spectral coverage, which however remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate a vector spectrum analyzer (VSA) for visible-light integrated photonics, offering spectral bandwidth of 766-795 and 518-541 nm. The VSA is rooted in widely chirping, high-power, narrow-linewidth, mode-hop-free lasers that are frequency-doubled from the near-infrared via efficient, broadband CPLN waveguides. The VSA is further referenced to hyperfine structures of alkaline atoms and iodine molecules, enabling megahertz frequency accuracy. We apply our VSA to showcase the characterization of loss, dispersion and phase response of passive integrated devices, as well as densely spaced spectra of mode-locked lasers. Leveraging individual operations at 518-541, 766-795, 1020-1098, and 1260-1640 nm bands, our VSA achieves an aggregate characterization bandwidth exceeding one octave. This capability establishes the VSA as an invaluable diagnostic tool for spectroscopy, nonlinear optical processing, imaging, and quantum interfaces with atomic systems.

Identifiers

PMID40744938
PMCPMC12313864

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.