Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40744438›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2025

Improving the Ecotoxicological Hazard Assessment of Chemicals by Pairwise Learning.

Leo Posthuma, Tadeusz Price, Markus Viljanen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science & technology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities: Time for a Reboot.Environmental science & technology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Framework for Function-Based Pesticide Substitution.Environmental science & technology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Leo PosthumaCentre for Sustainability, Environment and Health (DMG), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0399-5499
Tadeusz PriceCentre for Statistics, Data Science and Modeling (SIM), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, The Netherlands.
Markus ViljanenCentre for Statistics, Data Science and Modeling (SIM), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study demonstrates how machine learning techniques can bridge data gaps in the ecotoxicological hazard assessment of chemical pollutants and illustrates how the results can be used in practice. The innovation herein consists of the prediction of the sensitivity of all species that were tested for at least one chemical for all chemicals based on all available data. As proof of concept, pairwise learning was applied to 3295 × 1267 (chemical,species) pairs of Observed LC50 data, where only 0.5% of the pairs have experimental data. This yielded more than four million Predicted LC50s for separate exposure durations. These were used to create (1) a novel Hazard Heatmap of Predicted LC50s, (2) Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSD) for all chemicals based on 1267 species each, as well as (3) for taxonomic groups separately, and (4) newly defined Chemical Hazard Distributions (CHD) for all species based on 3295 chemicals each. Validation results and graphical examples illustrate the utility of the results and highlight species and compound selection biases in the input data. The results are broadly applicable, ranging from

Indexed as

EcotoxicologyMachine LearningAnimalsEnvironmental PollutantsRisk AssessmentEnvironmental Pollutantsbiodiversitychemicalchemical hazard distributionecotoxicityenvironmental quality standardhazardhazard heatmapmachine learningpairwise learningsafe and sustainable by designspecies sensitivity distributiontoxic pressure

Identifiers

PMID40744438
PMCPMC12355940

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.