Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40742297›Full record

ReviewACS sensors2025

Fabrication, Characterization, and Sensor Applications of Polymer-Based Whispering Gallery Mode Microresonators.

Jarosław Mazuryk, Piotr Paszke, Dorota A Pawlak, Włodzimierz Kutner, Piyush Sindhu Sharma

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in ACS sensors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jarosław MazurykInstitute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-3311-7136
Piotr PaszkeFaculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-6253-3721
Dorota A PawlakFaculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
Włodzimierz KutnerModified Electrodes for Potential Application in Sensors and Cells Research Team, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-3586-5170
Piyush Sindhu SharmaFunctional Polymers Research Team, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7729-8314

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The present article critically reviews the fabrication, characterization, and sensor applications of polymer-based whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMRs). Those resonators utilize continuous internal light reflections along curved surfaces to produce sharp resonance peaks influenced by the resonator's geometry, which appeared effective for high-sensitivity optical sensing. Polymer-based WGMRs leverage unique polymer characteristics to enhance sensor performance through parameters like quality factor (QF), free spectral range (FSR), resonance mode shifts, polarization modes, bulk refractive index (RI), sensitivity per refractive index unit (RIU), and thermo-optic effects. All-polymer WGMRs, i.e., resonators entirely made from polymers, offer design flexibility, biocompatibility, low thermal conductivity, and integration capabilities for high sensitivity, detectability, and selectivity. Polymer-coated optical fiber WGMRs improve light-material interaction, support advanced composites, integrate with microfluidics for on-chip diagnostics, and enable remote, multiplexed sensing. (Polymer shell)-(inorganic core) composite-functionalized WGMRs combine the high QFs of inorganic materials with polymers' flexibility and functionalization, providing synergistic optical properties, enhanced sensitivity, detectability, and stability. These advancements make polymer-based WGMR sensors promising for biomedical diagnostics, environmental pollution monitoring, and industrial process control. Future research will presumably optimize fabrication techniques, explore novel polymers, and integrate advanced signal processing for real-time analysis, connected with the Internet-of-Things (IoT) and cloud databases to revolutionize optical and photonic sensing platforms.

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesPolymersPolymersall-polymer WGMRbio- and chemosensingmicrofabricated optical microbubble and optofluidic ring resonatormicroresonatormolecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)polymer optical fiber (POF) and photonicspolymer resonator(polymer shell)-(inorganic core) composite WGMRwhispering gallery mode resonator (WGMR)

Identifiers

PMID40742297
PMCPMC12379175

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.