ReviewCureus2025
Cardiovascular Toxicity Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Interpreting the Discrepancy Between Clinical Trials and Real-World Data.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Regulatory challenges and current policy for cardiotoxicity detection in oncology drug development.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2026Review
- A narrative review of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity in lung cancer: mechanisms, risk stratification, and clinical management.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated arrhythmias: clinical challenges, artificial intelligence-enhanced monitoring, and management strategies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- The role of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway in myocardial infarction: a review from pathophysiological mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Real-world data on cardiovascular immune-related adverse events (CV-irAEs) in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) present findings that differ from those reported in meta-analyses of clinical trials. This study aims to estimate the incidence of CV-irAEs from observational studies among patients undergoing ICI therapy for various malignancies and investigate the discrepancy between the results of meta-analyses and observational studies. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The PubMed database was searched for observational studies that included cancer patients treated with ICIs. Α single-arm meta-analysis using the
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.