Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40741380›Full record

ReviewOncology reviews2025

Fibroblast activation protein and the tumour microenvironment: challenges and therapeutic opportunities.

Hsing Hwa Lee, Zeyad Al-Ogaili

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Oncology reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Prospective comparison of [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026
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  17. Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Hsing Hwa Lee *Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
Zeyad Al-Ogaili *Department of Nucelar Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) has emerged as a critical player in cancer biology, particularly in shaping the tumour microenvironment (TME) and influencing immunotherapy outcomes. FAP-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play multiple roles in tumour progression and immune modulation. FAP, predominantly expressed on CAFs, contributes significantly to extracellular matrix remodelling, angiogenesis, and the creation of an immunosuppressive milieu. There are complex interactions between FAP-positive CAFs and various components of the immune system, highlighting their impact on T cell function and macrophage polarisation. This makes FAP a promising target for cancer therapy and potentially as a biomarker for immunotherapy treatment response. This review highlights the clinical challenges to target FAP and also addresses the heterogeneity of CAFs with the need for more refined characterisation to enhance therapeutic strategies and future research directions.

Indexed as

cancercancer associate fibroblasts (CAFs)fibroblast activation protein (FAP)immunotherapytumour microenvironment (TME)

Identifiers

PMID40741380
PMCPMC12308159

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.