ArticleFrontiers in plant science2025
Evaluating lowland coffee genotypes against leaf rust and wilt diseases in southwestern Ethiopia.
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Coffee is one of the most economically essential agricultural commodities worldwide and in Ethiopia in particular. Despite its importance, it is constrained by different factors. Among these, coffee leaf rust, caused by Methods: A field experiment was conducted across four locations (Agaro, Teppi, Bebeka, and Gelesha) from 2021 to 2023. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. The experiment for wilt disease was conducted on seedlings using seedling stem-nicking inoculation techniques. Results: The results revealed a significant difference among the genotypes in reaction to leaf rust and wilt diseases. Among the tested genotypes, I-1, I-2, K-1, and K-2 consistently showed a highly resistant reaction to leaf rust across locations, whereas one genotype (EB-1) indicated a susceptible reaction across all locations. The highest mean leaf rust severity was recorded on EB-1 (27.1%), while the lowest severity was recorded on genotype I-2 (0.35%). Similarly, four genotypes (I-1, I-2, K-1, and K-2) showed moderate resistance to wilt disease and indicated an extended incubation period compared to the susceptible control (Geisha). Discussion: Analysis of genotype by environment (G×E) interaction indicated a highly significant interaction (P < 0.01). Among climate factors, relative humidity and maximum temperature showed a highly significant and positive correlation with coffee leaf rust. These resistant genotypes could be used by farmers as a component of integrated disease management in coffee leaf rust-prone areas of the country. In addition, end users must integrate these genotypes with other wilt management options. Overall, these genotypes can enhance the resilience of coffee production when combined with other management strategies for coffee leaf rust and wilt diseases across the lowland coffee production areas of Ethiopia.
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