Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40740899›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of gastrointestinal surgery2025

Bile spillage in incidental gallbladder cancer is not an independent predictor for survival: A multi-institute retrospective cohort study.

Mike van Dooren, Elise Aj de Savornin Lohman, Rachel S van der Post, Frederik Jh Hoogwater, Peter B van den Boezem, Bas Groot Koerkamp, Joris I Erdmann, Philip R de Reuver

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In one paragraph

Article in World journal of gastrointestinal surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mike van DoorenDepartment of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, Gelderland, Netherlands. mike.vandooren@radboudumc.nl.
Elise Aj de Savornin LohmanDepartment of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, Gelderland, Netherlands.
Rachel S van der PostDepartment of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, Netherlands.
Frederik Jh HoogwaterDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, Netherlands.
Peter B van den BoezemDepartment of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, Gelderland, Netherlands.
Bas Groot KoerkampDepartment of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015 GD, Netherlands.
Joris I ErdmannDepartment of Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, Netherlands.
Philip R de ReuverDepartment of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, Gelderland, Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBile spillage occurs more frequently in patients with incidental gallbladder carcinoma (iGBC) and may be associated with poor survival due to presumed high risk of peritoneal seeding.

aimTo investigate the impact of bile spillage during primary surgery on the survival of patients with iGBC.

methodsMedical records of patients with iGBC diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 in 27 Dutch secondary centers and 5 tertiary centers were retrospectively reviewed. Patient medical records were assessed. Predictors for overall survival (OS) were determined using multivariable Cox regression.

resultsOf the 346 included patients with iGBC, 138 (39.9%) had bile spillage, which was associated with higher American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (

conclusionAlthough bile spillage correlates with prognostic factors, it lacks independent prognostic significance for survival. Patients with an indication for additional treatment should be promptly referred to a specialized hepatopancreatobiliary center, irrespective of whether bile spillage has occurred.

Indexed as

Bile leakBile leakageBile spillBile spillageCancerCarcinomaGall bladderGallbladderIncidentalSurvival

Identifiers

PMID40740899
PMCPMC12305292

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