Socioeconomic Status and Chronic Kidney Disease Among Black and White Adults: An Analysis of 2017-2020 NHANES.

Rationale & Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) disproportionately affects Black adults and those with lower socioeconomic status in the United States. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between socioeconomic status and CKD, albuminuria/stage 1-2 CKD, and stage 3-5 CKD, and to assess differences between Black and White adults. Study Design: We used data from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m Setting & Participants: Respondents to the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with Black or White race. Exposure: Measures of socioeconomic status (income to poverty ratio, insurance status, education, employment status, and health care access). Analytical Approach: We examined the relationship between measures of socioeconomic status and CKD, albuminuria/stage 1-2 CKD, and stage 3-5 CKD using survey-weighted Poisson regressions controlling for age, sex, and medical comorbid conditions. Results: The weighted sample ( Limitations: This study is limited by its cross-sectional design. In addition, data were based on single measurements and thus may be less precise in estimating the prevalence of chronic disease. Conclusions: Higher socioeconomic status was inversely associated with albuminuria/stage 1-2 CKD and CKD among White but not Black adults. Future work should investigate the mechanisms by which albuminuria/stage 1-2 CKD remains independent of socioeconomic status among Black adults.